Week 4 Medications Antipsychotics Flashcards
Lithium effective in treatment of
Acute mania
Acute bipolar depression
Prevention of manic and depressive episodes
-Takes 3-6 weeks for a full response
Lithium side effects
Fine hand tremors
Polyuria, mild thirst
Nausea
Weight gain
Sedation
Acne
Lithium therapeutic level
0.5-1.2 mEq/L
Lithium-early signs of toxicity
N/V/D
Slurred speech
Muscle weakness
Lithium-advanced signs of toxicity
Coarse hand tremor
GI upset
Mental confusion
Muscle hyperirritability
EEG changes
Incoordination
Lithium-severe toxicity
Ataxia
Serious EEG changes
Blurred vision
Clinic movements, seizures
Stupor
Coma
Death
Lithium- long term side effects
Hypothyroidism, goiter
Kidney dysfunction
Anticonvulsants
Depakote
Divalproex
Valproate
Valproic acid
Anticonvulsants- effective in treatment of
Bipolar mania
Hypomania
Mixed states (depression and hypomania at same time)
Rapid cycling
Anticonvulsants side effects
GI pain
Tremors
Sedation
Hair loss
Weight gain
Blood dyscrasias
Hepatotoxicity (affects the liver so frequently monitor)
Pancreatitis
Anticonvulsants toxicity symptoms
Ataxia
Confusion
Somnolence
Coma
Anticonvulsants- Carbamazepine use
Same as above along with Bipolar disorder
Carbamazepine side effects
Hepatic disease
Blood dyscrasias
Fluid overload
Hyponatremia
Life-threatening dermatological reactions
decreases effectiveness of birth control pills
Teratogenic
Carbamazepine toxicity symptoms
Fatigue, nausea
Diplopia
Blurred vision
Ataxia
Anticonvulsants- Lamotrigine
Treatment of:
Bipolar depression : acute and maintenance
Lamotrigine side effects
Steven Johnson’s
Aseptic meningitis (monitor for fever)
Can lower effectiveness of birth control
Benzodiazepines
Clonazepam
Lorazepam
Benzodiazepine uses
Adjunctive agents
Acute mania
Psychomotor agitation
— best for patients who are noncompliant
Second-gen antipsychotics
Effective in treatment of
-acute mania
-bipolar depression
-prevent relapse of mania and depression
First gen antipsychotics
Chlorpromazine
Loxapine
Fluphenazine
Haloperidol
First gen uses
For positive symptoms
minimal impact on negative symtpoms
Many side effects
Extrapyramidal symptoms
Pseudoparkinsonism
—stooped posture, shuffling gait, tremors
Acute dystopia
—neck pain, muscle spasms
Akathisia
—feet in constant motion
Tardive dyskinesia
—sucking, smacking, chewing motion
Acute dystonia treatment
Benztropine
Diphenhydramine
Tardive dyskinesia treatment
Lower dosage
Benztropine
Akathisia treatment
Propranolol
Benzodiazepines
Pseudoparkinsonism treatment
Benztropine
Trihexyphenidyl
Antipsychotics side effects
Sedation
Orthostatic hypotension
Lowered seizure threshold
Increased prolactin
-sexual dysfunction
-galactorrhea
-amenorrhea
-gynecomastia
Metabolic syndrome
Weight gain
Hypertension
Diabetes
Dylipidemia
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Muscle rigidity
High fever
Fluctuating BPs
Irregular and increased HR
Increased RR
Altered mental status (AMS)
Second/third antipsychotics
Aripiprazole
Clozapine
Lurasidone
Olanzipine
Quetiapine
Risperidone
less likely to have EPS
Clozapine adverse effects
Agranulocytosis (this is always gonna happen they just don’t know when)
-monitor for fever
Myocarditis
Siallorhea (drooling)
used as a last resort medication
