Exam 2 Drugs Flashcards
1
Q
Aminoglycosides
A
gentamycin
neomycin
streptomycin
2
Q
Antituburculins
A
"STRIPE streptomycin rifampin isoniazid pyrazinamide ethambutol"
3
Q
Carbapenems
A
“imipenem-cilastin (Primaxin)
ertapenem
doripenem”
4
Q
Cephalosporin drug
A
cefaclor (Ceclor)
5
Q
Fluoroquinolones
A
“ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
levofloxacin (Levaquin)
finafloxacin (Xtoro)”
6
Q
Lincosamides
A
“clindamycin (Cleocin)
lincomycin”
7
Q
Lipoglycopeptides
A
“vancomycin
telavancin (Vibativ)
oritavancin (Orbactiv)”
8
Q
Macrolides
A
“azithromycin (Zithromax)
erythromycin
clarithromycin (Biaxin)
fidaxomicin (Dificid)”
9
Q
Oxazolidinones
A
“linezolid (Zyvox)
tedizolid (Sivextro)”
10
Q
Penicillins
A
“amoxicillin (Amoxil)
penicillin G
ampicillin
oxacillin”
11
Q
Sulfonamides
A
“Bactrim, Septra
sulfadiazine
sulfasalazine”
12
Q
Tetracyclines
A
“tetracycline (Sumycin)
doxycycline
minocycline”
13
Q
Hepatitis B drugs
A
“adefovir (Hepsera)
entecavir
telbivudine”
14
Q
Herpes drugs
A
“Acyclovir (Zovirax)
famciclovir
valacyclovir”
15
Q
HIV drugs
A
“nevirapine (Viramune)
zidovudine (Retrovir)”
16
Q
influenza drugs
A
“rimantadine (Flumadine)
amantadine (Symmetrel)
oseltamivir (Tamiflu)”
17
Q
3 antifungals
A
Amphotericin B (AmBisome)
clotrimazole (Lotrimin/Mycelex)
fluconazole (Diflucan)
18
Q
other drugs like fluconazole (Diflucan)
A
“itraconazole (Sporonox)
ketoconazole”
19
Q
other drugs like chloroquine
A
“quinine (Qualaquin)
hydroxychloroquine”
20
Q
other drugs like mebendazole
A
ivermectin
21
Q
Alkylating agents
A
“cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
chlorambucil”
22
Q
Antimetabolites
A
methotrexate (MTX, Rheumatrex)
23
Q
Antineoplastics
A
doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
24
Q
“Mitotic inhibitor/
plant alkaloids”
A
vincristine (Oncovin)
25
Hormonal drug
tamoxifen (Soltamox)
26
aminoglycosides indications
"serious systemic
| G-"
27
aminoglycosides side effects
neuromuscular blockade
"ototoxicity
nephrotoxicity"
28
patient should report tinninus, hearing loss, dizziness
aminoglycosides
29
treat this complication with calcium gluconate
NM blockade - aminoglycosides
30
antituberculins side effects
```
"clumsiness
unsteadiness
muscle ache
GI distress
jaundice
bone marrow suppression
rifampin: discoloration of sweat, tears"
"peripheral neuropathy
drug-induced hepatitis
interference c oral contraception"
```
31
rifampin side effects
discoloration of sweat & tears
32
interference c oral contraception
antituberculins
33
6 month to 2 year treatment period
antituberculins
34
depletes vitamin b6 - monitor liver
antituberculins
35
carbapenems side effects
pseudomembranous colitis (PMC)
thrombophlebitis @ injection site
superinfections
36
cephalosporins main side effect
cross-sensitivity c penicillin
37
several generations; 4th and 5th effective against resistant infections
cephalosporins
38
serious side effects of fluoroquinalones
"photosensitivity
tendon rupture
dysrhythmias
hepatotoxicity"
39
important to monitor for tendon pain
fluoroquinalones
40
fatal PMC
lincosamides
41
used for septicemia
lincosamides
42
admin slowly to avoid red man syndrome
Lipoglycopeptides
43
very broad spectrum antibiotic
macrolides
44
avoid tyramine and MAOI
Oxazolidinones
45
monitor pt for allergy
penicillins
46
adverse effects of sulfa drugs
"teratogenic
photophobia
toxic nephrosis
hepatotoxicity"
47
```
"Rocky Mtn spotted fever
typhus
cholera
Lyme
H. pylori
chlamydia
acne"
```
tetracyclines
48
causes permanent discoloration of teeth
tetracyclines
49
pt should use sunscreen/protective clothing
tetracyclines
fluoroquinalones
sulfonamides
50
adverse effects hep b antivirals
"fatal hepatomegaly
nephrotoxicity
lactic acidosis"
51
herpes vaccine
Zoster vaccine
52
teratogenic antiviral
influenza antivirals
53
only used for life threatening fungal infections
amphotericin B
54
```
"tinea pedis
tinea cruris
tinea corporis
oral
vaginal candidiasis"
```
clotrimazole (Lotrimin/Mycelex)
55
"oropharyngeal
esophageal
vaginal candidiasis"
fungal drug
fluconazole (Diflucan)
56
antimalarial
chloroquine (Aralen)
57
NO alcohol (2)
metronidazole (Flagyl)
| acetaminophen
58
used to treat nematodes
mebendazole (Emverm)
| ivermectin (Stromectol)
59
severe alkylating agents effects
"hepatic toxicity
renal toxicity
hemorrhagic cystitis
tissue necrosis if IV infiltrates"
60
tell pt to drink high amts of fluid
alkylating agents
61
severe adverse effect of antimetabolites
renal toxicity
62
severe adverse effects of antineoplastics
"cardiac toxcity
vesication of tissue
red urine"
63
severe adverse effects of mitotic inhibitors
"neurotoxicity
peripheral nerve damage
ataxia"
64
severe adverse effects of hormonal chemo drugs
"stroke
| pulmonary emboli"
65
cytoprotectant for alkylating agents
mesna
66
cytoprotectant for antimetabolites
leucovorin calcium
67
cytoprotectant for antineoplastics
dexrazoxane
68
from plants
mitotic inhibitors
69
salicyclate
aspirin
70
"Nonselective COX
| inhibitors"
```
ibuprofen
Indomethacin
Meloxicam
naproxen; naproxen sodium
diclofenac
ketoralac
```
71
"Selective COX
| inhibitors"
celecoxib (Celebrex)
72
Immune stimulator
"interferon alpha
| interferon beta"
73
Colony stimulating factor
"filgrastim (Neupogen)
| pegfilgrastim"
74
T&B Cell suppressors
cyclosporine (Sandimmune)
75
Tumor necrosis factor blockers
"infliximab (Remicade)
adalimumab (Humira)
etanercept (Enbrel)"
76
aspirin action
"prostaglandin inhibitor
antipyretic
antiplatelet"`
77
aspirin side effects
```
"Anorexia
nvd
Dizziness
Sweating/fever
Confusion
GI burning; epigastric pain; heartburn
Increase in bleeding time"
```
78
aspirin severe adverse effects
```
"Reye's in children
Tinnitus/hearing loss (ototoxicity)
Urticaria (hives)
Gastric ulcers & bleeding
Anaphylaxis
Blood dyscrasias & thrombocytopenia
Hyperventilation
Dehydration
Salicyclism
```
79
aspirin pregnancy
category D in 3rd trimester
80
aspirin interventions
"pt limit activities risking bleeding
activated charcoal for salicyclism
pt take c food"
81
anti-inflammatory not recommended for children
aspirin
82
causes Reye's in children
aspirin
83
ibuprofen action
"inhibits COX-1
decrease protection of stomach lining
prevent blood clotting"
84
ibuprofen indications
pain
inflammation
dysmenorrhea
85
ibuprofen serious adverse effects
"increase for serious thrombolytic event
increase bleeding time c aspirin
allergic reaction
renal impairment
86
ibuprofen pregnancy
category C
| category D after 30 weeks
87
celecoxib action
"inhibits COX-2
| reduce pain & inflammation"
88
celecoxib indications
arthritic pain
89
celecoxib interventions
monitor for GI pain, dyspepsia, diarrhea
90
acetaminophen action
"inhibits prostaglandin synthesis
fever reducer
NOT anti-inflammatory
NO platelet effect"
91
acetaminophen indications
"pain
discomfort
fever"
92
acetaminophen can interact c ________ causing increased bleeding risk
warfarin
93
acetaminophen severe adverse effects
"liver damage c alcohol
thrombocytopenia
increased bleeding risk c warfarin
94
acetaminophen pregnancy
category B
95
acetaminophen maximum / day
4 g
96
acetaminophen antidote:
acetylcysteine
97
immune stimulator actions
"prevent viral replication
| inhibit tumor growth"
98
immune stimulator indication
cancer
99
immune stimulator pregancy
teratogenic
100
colony stimulating factor actions
increase neutrophil production
101
colony stim factor indications
bone marrow suppression
102
T&B cell suppressor indication
organ transplant
103
T&B cell suppressor side effects
```
"tremor
hypertension
gum hyperplasia
diarrhea
hirsutism
bone marrow suppression
acne"
```
104
T&B cell suppressor severe adverse effects
"predisposition to infection
increased risk for neoplasms
hepatotoxicity
nephrotoxicity"
105
TNF blocker actions
"disrupt inflammatory process
| delay disease progression"
106
TNF blocker indications
"rheumatoid arthritis
psoriatic arthritis
other inflammatory diseases"
107
TNF blocker severe adverse effects
"blood dyscrasias
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
predisposition to infection
lymphoma & other cancers"
108
TNF blocker interventions
"monitor for TB, hepatitis
| monitor liver enzymes"
109
indications lipoglycopeptides
"severe infections
G+
MRSA"
