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NS373—Pharmacology > Exam 2 Drugs > Flashcards

Exam 2 Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

gentamycin
neomycin
streptomycin

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2
Q

Antituburculins

A 
"STRIPE
streptomycin
rifampin
isoniazid
pyrazinamide
ethambutol"
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3
Q

Carbapenems

A

“imipenem-cilastin (Primaxin)
ertapenem
doripenem”

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4
Q

Cephalosporin drug

A

cefaclor (Ceclor)

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5
Q

Fluoroquinolones

A

“ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
levofloxacin (Levaquin)
finafloxacin (Xtoro)”

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6
Q

Lincosamides

A

“clindamycin (Cleocin)

lincomycin”

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7
Q

Lipoglycopeptides

A

“vancomycin
telavancin (Vibativ)
oritavancin (Orbactiv)”

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8
Q

Macrolides

A

“azithromycin (Zithromax)
erythromycin
clarithromycin (Biaxin)
fidaxomicin (Dificid)”

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9
Q

Oxazolidinones

A

“linezolid (Zyvox)

tedizolid (Sivextro)”

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10
Q

Penicillins

A

“amoxicillin (Amoxil)
penicillin G
ampicillin
oxacillin”

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11
Q

Sulfonamides

A

“Bactrim, Septra
sulfadiazine
sulfasalazine”

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12
Q

Tetracyclines

A

“tetracycline (Sumycin)
doxycycline
minocycline”

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13
Q

Hepatitis B drugs

A

“adefovir (Hepsera)
entecavir
telbivudine”

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14
Q

Herpes drugs

A

“Acyclovir (Zovirax)
famciclovir
valacyclovir”

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15
Q

HIV drugs

A

“nevirapine (Viramune)

zidovudine (Retrovir)”

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16
Q

influenza drugs

A

“rimantadine (Flumadine)
amantadine (Symmetrel)
oseltamivir (Tamiflu)”

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17
Q

3 antifungals

A

Amphotericin B (AmBisome)
clotrimazole (Lotrimin/Mycelex)
fluconazole (Diflucan)

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18
Q

other drugs like fluconazole (Diflucan)

A

“itraconazole (Sporonox)

ketoconazole”

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19
Q

other drugs like chloroquine

A

“quinine (Qualaquin)

hydroxychloroquine”

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20
Q

other drugs like mebendazole

A

ivermectin

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21
Q

Alkylating agents

A

“cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)

chlorambucil”

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22
Q

Antimetabolites

A

methotrexate (MTX, Rheumatrex)

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23
Q

Antineoplastics

A

doxorubicin (Adriamycin)

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24
Q

“Mitotic inhibitor/

plant alkaloids”

A

vincristine (Oncovin)

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25
Q

Hormonal drug

A

tamoxifen (Soltamox)

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26
Q

aminoglycosides indications

A

“serious systemic

G-“

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27
Q

aminoglycosides side effects

A

neuromuscular blockade
“ototoxicity
nephrotoxicity”

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28
Q

patient should report tinninus, hearing loss, dizziness

A

aminoglycosides

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29
Q

treat this complication with calcium gluconate

A

NM blockade - aminoglycosides

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30
Q

antituberculins side effects

A 
"clumsiness
unsteadiness
muscle ache
GI distress
jaundice
bone marrow suppression
rifampin: discoloration of sweat, tears"
"peripheral neuropathy
drug-induced hepatitis
interference c oral contraception"
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31
Q

rifampin side effects

A

discoloration of sweat & tears

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32
Q

interference c oral contraception

A

antituberculins

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33
Q

6 month to 2 year treatment period

A

antituberculins

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34
Q

depletes vitamin b6 - monitor liver

A

antituberculins

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35
Q

carbapenems side effects

A

pseudomembranous colitis (PMC)
thrombophlebitis @ injection site
superinfections

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36
Q

cephalosporins main side effect

A

cross-sensitivity c penicillin

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37
Q

several generations; 4th and 5th effective against resistant infections

A

cephalosporins

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38
Q

serious side effects of fluoroquinalones

A

“photosensitivity
tendon rupture
dysrhythmias
hepatotoxicity”

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39
Q

important to monitor for tendon pain

A

fluoroquinalones

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40
Q

fatal PMC

A

lincosamides

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41
Q

used for septicemia

A

lincosamides

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42
Q

admin slowly to avoid red man syndrome

A

Lipoglycopeptides

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43
Q

very broad spectrum antibiotic

A

macrolides

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44
Q

avoid tyramine and MAOI

A

Oxazolidinones

45
Q

monitor pt for allergy

A

penicillins

46
Q

adverse effects of sulfa drugs

A

“teratogenic
photophobia
toxic nephrosis
hepatotoxicity”

47
Q 
"Rocky Mtn spotted fever
typhus
cholera
Lyme
H. pylori
chlamydia
acne"
A

tetracyclines

48
Q

causes permanent discoloration of teeth

A

tetracyclines

49
Q

pt should use sunscreen/protective clothing

A

tetracyclines
fluoroquinalones
sulfonamides

50
Q

adverse effects hep b antivirals

A

“fatal hepatomegaly
nephrotoxicity
lactic acidosis”

51
Q

herpes vaccine

A

Zoster vaccine

52
Q

teratogenic antiviral

A

influenza antivirals

53
Q

only used for life threatening fungal infections

A

amphotericin B

54
Q 
"tinea pedis
tinea cruris
tinea corporis
oral
vaginal candidiasis"
A

clotrimazole (Lotrimin/Mycelex)

55
Q

“oropharyngeal
esophageal
vaginal candidiasis”
fungal drug

A

fluconazole (Diflucan)

56
Q

antimalarial

A

chloroquine (Aralen)

57
Q

NO alcohol (2)

A

metronidazole (Flagyl)

acetaminophen

58
Q

used to treat nematodes

A

mebendazole (Emverm)

ivermectin (Stromectol)

59
Q

severe alkylating agents effects

A

“hepatic toxicity
renal toxicity
hemorrhagic cystitis
tissue necrosis if IV infiltrates”

60
Q

tell pt to drink high amts of fluid

A

alkylating agents

61
Q

severe adverse effect of antimetabolites

A

renal toxicity

62
Q

severe adverse effects of antineoplastics

A

“cardiac toxcity
vesication of tissue
red urine”

63
Q

severe adverse effects of mitotic inhibitors

A

“neurotoxicity
peripheral nerve damage
ataxia”

64
Q

severe adverse effects of hormonal chemo drugs

A

“stroke

pulmonary emboli”

65
Q

cytoprotectant for alkylating agents

A

mesna

66
Q

cytoprotectant for antimetabolites

A

leucovorin calcium

67
Q

cytoprotectant for antineoplastics

A

dexrazoxane

68
Q

from plants

A

mitotic inhibitors

69
Q

salicyclate

A

aspirin

70
Q

“Nonselective COX

inhibitors”

A 
ibuprofen
Indomethacin
Meloxicam
naproxen; naproxen sodium
diclofenac
ketoralac
71
Q

“Selective COX

inhibitors”

A

celecoxib (Celebrex)

72
Q

Immune stimulator

A

“interferon alpha

interferon beta”

73
Q

Colony stimulating factor

A

“filgrastim (Neupogen)

pegfilgrastim”

74
Q

T&B Cell suppressors

A

cyclosporine (Sandimmune)

75
Q

Tumor necrosis factor blockers

A

“infliximab (Remicade)
adalimumab (Humira)
etanercept (Enbrel)”

76
Q

aspirin action

A

“prostaglandin inhibitor
antipyretic
antiplatelet”`

77
Q

aspirin side effects

A 
"Anorexia
nvd
Dizziness
Sweating/fever
Confusion
GI burning; epigastric pain; heartburn
Increase in bleeding time"
78
Q

aspirin severe adverse effects

A 
"Reye's in children
Tinnitus/hearing loss (ototoxicity)
Urticaria  (hives)
Gastric ulcers & bleeding
Anaphylaxis
Blood dyscrasias & thrombocytopenia
Hyperventilation
Dehydration 
Salicyclism
79
Q

aspirin pregnancy

A

category D in 3rd trimester

80
Q

aspirin interventions

A

“pt limit activities risking bleeding
activated charcoal for salicyclism
pt take c food”

81
Q

anti-inflammatory not recommended for children

A

aspirin

82
Q

causes Reye’s in children

A

aspirin

83
Q

ibuprofen action

A

“inhibits COX-1
decrease protection of stomach lining
prevent blood clotting”

84
Q

ibuprofen indications

A

pain
inflammation
dysmenorrhea

85
Q

ibuprofen serious adverse effects

A

“increase for serious thrombolytic event
increase bleeding time c aspirin
allergic reaction
renal impairment

86
Q

ibuprofen pregnancy

A

category C

category D after 30 weeks

87
Q

celecoxib action

A

“inhibits COX-2

reduce pain & inflammation”

88
Q

celecoxib indications

A

arthritic pain

89
Q

celecoxib interventions

A

monitor for GI pain, dyspepsia, diarrhea

90
Q

acetaminophen action

A

“inhibits prostaglandin synthesis
fever reducer
NOT anti-inflammatory
NO platelet effect”

91
Q

acetaminophen indications

A

“pain
discomfort
fever”

92
Q

acetaminophen can interact c ________ causing increased bleeding risk

A

warfarin

93
Q

acetaminophen severe adverse effects

A

“liver damage c alcohol
thrombocytopenia
increased bleeding risk c warfarin

94
Q

acetaminophen pregnancy

A

category B

95
Q

acetaminophen maximum / day

A

4 g

96
Q

acetaminophen antidote:

A

acetylcysteine

97
Q

immune stimulator actions

A

“prevent viral replication

inhibit tumor growth”

98
Q

immune stimulator indication

A

cancer

99
Q

immune stimulator pregancy

A

teratogenic

100
Q

colony stimulating factor actions

A

increase neutrophil production

101
Q

colony stim factor indications

A

bone marrow suppression

102
Q

T&B cell suppressor indication

A

organ transplant

103
Q

T&B cell suppressor side effects

A 
"tremor
hypertension
gum hyperplasia
diarrhea
hirsutism
bone marrow suppression
acne"
104
Q

T&B cell suppressor severe adverse effects

A

“predisposition to infection
increased risk for neoplasms
hepatotoxicity
nephrotoxicity”

105
Q

TNF blocker actions

A

“disrupt inflammatory process

delay disease progression”

106
Q

TNF blocker indications

A

“rheumatoid arthritis
psoriatic arthritis
other inflammatory diseases”

107
Q

TNF blocker severe adverse effects

A

“blood dyscrasias
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
predisposition to infection
lymphoma & other cancers”

108
Q

TNF blocker interventions

A

“monitor for TB, hepatitis

monitor liver enzymes”

109
Q

indications lipoglycopeptides

A

“severe infections
G+
MRSA”

NS373—Pharmacology (18 decks)

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