Exam 2 checklist Flashcards
layers of pericardium
parietal and visceral pericardium
function of pericardium
lubricating the heart to prevent friction during heart activity.
chambers of the heart
The right atrium receives oxygen-poor blood from the body and pumps it to the right ventricle.
The right ventricle pumps the oxygen-poor blood to the lungs.
The left atrium receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs and pumps it to the left ventricle.
The left ventricle pumps the oxygen-rich blood to the body.
thickest heart chamber
The left ventricle has the thickest walls because it is the major pumping chamber of the heart.
top heart chambers
the right and left atria, receive incoming blood
bottom heart chambers
the more muscular right and left ventricles, pump blood out of your heart.
vessels connected to right atrium
.The superior vena cava and inferior vena cava are veins that return deoxygenated blood from circulation in the body and empty it into the right atrium.
vessels connected to left atrium
four pulmonary veins return blood from the lungs to the left atrium.
vessels connected to right ventricle
Receives blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the main pulmonary artery.
vessels connected to left ventricle
descending aorta
names for AV and semilunar valves
mitral valve (bicuspid), tricuspid, aortic, and pulmonary
heart chamber location for valves
tricuspid valve: located between the right atrium and the right ventricle. pulmonary valve: located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. mitral valve: located between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
which valves have chordae tendinae attached to the margins of the valve cusps
These are the mitral and tricuspid valves
which valve is associated with the openings of the left and right coronary arteries
aortic valve
Name of the structure that divides the heart into two halves?
septum
Three layers of the heart wall
- Endocardium
- Myocardium
- Pericardium
Names of the 5 parts of the conduction system
.The main components of the cardiac conduction system are the SA node, AV node, bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers.
what are the four stages of the cardiac cycle?
Two atrial stages? Two ventricular stages?
atrial diastole
atrial systole
ventricular diastole
ventricular systole
during which stage of the cardiac cycle is blood flowing into the top chambers?
.Atrial diastole
during which two parts of the cardiac cycle is blood pumped into the bottom chambers?
.atrial systole
ventricular diastole
during which two parts of the cardiac cycle is blood pumped out of the bottom chambers?
.ventricular systole
describe the direction of blood flow through the heart to the lungs and back to the heart; begin your description at the right atrium;
right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta, vena cavae
-why do the heart valves need to be unidirectional valves?
to prevent backflow of blood back into the heart
what structures keep the blood in the bottom chambers from flowing backwards through the AV valves during ventricular systole?
Chorda thendinae
what is the function of the coronary arteries?
The heart receives its own supply of blood from the coronary arteries. Two major coronary arteries branch off from the aorta near the point where the aorta and the left ventricle meet. These arteries and their branches supply all parts of the heart muscle with blood.
location of the openings of the coronary arteries:
the openings of the coronary arteries are located at the base of the aorta next to the aortic valve; you can think of the coronary arteries as the 1st two arterial branches of the aorta
when does blood flow into the coronary arteries?
when left ventricular systole has ended, the aortic valve closes; at this point all of the blood from the left ventricle is now in the aorta and is flowing through the aorta and in to all of the arterial branches of the aorta; this is when some blood will flow from the aorta into the coronary arteries
heart location
in the mediastinal space of the chest cavity between 3rd and 7th ribs
orientation of heart in mediastinum
base is oriented craniodorsal
apex is caudoventral
