Exam 2 Chapter 6 Flashcards
the child’s cognitive representation of self, the substance and content of the child’s self-conceptions
Self-understanding
development that involves thoughts, feelings, and actions regarding rules and convention about what people should do in their interactions with other people.
Moral development
the first stage of moral development in Piaget’s theory, occurring from 4-7 years of age. Justice and rules are conceived of as unchangeable properties of the world, removed from the control of people.
Heteronomous morality
the 2nd stage of moral development in Piaget’s theory, displayed by older children (10 years of age and older). They child become aware that rules and laws are created by people and, in judging an action, one should consider the actor’s intentions as well as the consequences
Autonomous morality
the concept that, if a rule is broken, punishment will be meted out immediately
Immanent justice
the sense of being male or female,which most children acquire by the time they are 3 years old.
Gender identity
sets of expectations that prescribe how females or males should think, act, and feel.
Gender roles
a theory that gender differences result from the contrasting roles of men and women
Social role theory
a theory deriving from Freud’s view that the preschool child develops a sexual attraction to the opposite-sex parent, by approximately 5 or 6 years of age renounces this attraction because of anxious feelings, and subsequently identifies with the same sex parent, unconsciously adopting the same-sex parents characteristics
Psychoanalytic theory of gender
a theory emphasizing that children’s gender development occurs through the observation and imitation of gender behavior and through the rewards and punishments children experience for gender-appropriate and gender-inappropriate behavior.
Social cognitive theory of gender
the theory that gender typing emerges as children gradually develop gender schemas of what is gender-appropriate and gender-inappropriate in their culture
Gender schema theory
a restrictive punitive style in which parents exhort the child to follow their directions and to respect work and effort
Authoritarian parenting
a parenting style in which parents encourage their children to be independent but still place limits and controls on their actions. Extensive verbal give-and-take is allowed, and parents are warm and nurturant toward the child.
Authoritative parenting
a style of parenting in which the parent is very uninvolved in the child’s lie; it is associated with children’s social incompetence, especially a lack of self-control.
Neglectful parenting
a style of parenting in which parents are highly involved with their children but place few demands or controls on them. Indulgent parenting is associated with children’s social incompetence, especially lack of self-control
Indulgent parenting
