Exam 2 - cerebellum

Question 1

cerebellum embryonic development

Answer 1

metencephalon

Question 2

function of lateral hemispheres
input
output

Answer 2

initiation, planning, timing of complex movements
motor cortices
motor cortices

Question 3

vermis and paravermal zone function
input

Answer 3

coordination of voluntary movement
unconscious proprioception (4 spinocerebellar tracts + trigeminocerebellar tracts)

Question 4

function of the flocculonodular lobe
input
output

Answer 4

coordination of equilibrium and vestibular reflex; influences vestibular motor tracts (MLF & LVST)
vestibular apparatus & vestibular nuclei
UMN systems - vestibular nuclei via purkinje cell projections

Question 5

layers of the cerebellum

Answer 5

molecular layer
purkinje/pyriform layer
granular layer

Question 6

function of the purkinje/pyriform layer

afferent info?

Answer 6

inhibitory to deep cerebellar nuclei and vestibular nuclei
afferent info = unconscious proprioception, vestibular info, motor planning

Question 7

the function of the deep cerebellar nuclei

Answer 7

all output from the cerebellum emanates originates from these nuclei

Question 8

spinocerebellar tracts function, fibers, synapse, ipsilateral or contralateral

Answer 8

brings unconscious proprioceptive info from trunk/limbs to cerebellum
Aalpha fibers (fast, myelinated)
one synapse
ipsilateral

Question 9

rostral spinal cerebellar tract

Answer 9

neck/forelimbs/craniothoracic trunk

Question 10

cuneocerebellar tract

Answer 10

neck/forelimbs/craniothoracic trunk

Question 11

dorsal spinocerebellar tract

Answer 11

hindlimbs/caudal trunk

Question 12

ventral spinocerebellar tract

Answer 12

hindlimbs/caudal trunk

Question 13

trigeminocerebellar tract

Answer 13

head (face/mouth)

Question 14

signs of cerebellar disease

Answer 14

motor ataxia
dysmetria/hypermetria
tremors **hallmark of CD
truncal sway
increased muscle tone
pendular or vestibular nystagmus
loss of menace reaction

NO paresis/paralysis or abnormalities of sensation

Question 15

cerebellar hypoplasia
common cause?

Answer 15

incomplete development of cerebellum
feline panleukopenia virus “distemper” or BVD

Question 16

In this course, you will probably be repeatedly told that the cerebellum “modulates the rate, range, and force of voluntary movement.” Be prepared to explain in detail what that phrase means.

Question 17

cerebellar output to UMN systems

Answer 17

vestibular nuclei –> LVST
red nucleus –> rubrospinal tract
motor cortex –> cortical motor tracts

Question 18

how are the functions of the cerebellum accomplished?

Answer 18

adjusting output of UMN pathways