Exam 2

Question 1

sensation

Answer 1

the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment.

Question 2

perception

Answer 2

• the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events

Question 3

describe how much of the spectrum of electromagnetic energy is visible to the unaided eye

Answer 3

Violet- red

Question 4

cornea

Answer 4

protects the eye and bends light to provide focus

Question 5

pupil

Answer 5

small adjustable opening

Question 6

iris

Answer 6

colored muscle that dilates or constricts in response to light intensity and even to inner emotions.; controls the size of the pupil opening

Question 7

lens

Answer 7

the transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina

Question 8

retina

Answer 8

the light-sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information.

Question 9

fovea

Answer 9

central focal point in the retina, around which the eye’s cones cluster

Question 10

optic nerve:

Answer 10

nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain

Question 11

blind spot

Answer 11

Where the optic nerve leaves the eye, there are no receptor cells

Question 12

Rods

Answer 12

retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray; necessary for peripheral and twilight vision, when cones don’t respond.

Question 13

Cones

Answer 13

retinal receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in daylight or in well-lit conditions. The cones detect fine detail and give rise to color sensations;

Question 14

Bipolar cells

Answer 14

add up info from cones or rods

Question 15

Ganglion

Answer 15

add up info from bipolar cell

Question 16

explain why vision changes from color to black and white when darkness falls

Answer 16

6. Cones which see colors become insensitive and Rods become sensitive when darkness falls; these are in black and white