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Semester 3 Local Anesthesia > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the landmarks for supraperiosteal infiltration

A

mucobuccal fold; crown of tooth, root contour of tooth

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2
Q

what is the point of presentation for the supraperiosteal infiltration

A

mucobuccal fold above selected tooth

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3
Q

what is the site of deposition for the supraperiosteal infiltration

A

above apex of selected tooth, 6-7mm deep

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4
Q

how much anesthetic is administered for the supraperiosteal infiltration

A

0.6mL or 1/3 cartridge

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5
Q

what is the technique and needle used for the supraperiosteal infiltration

A

parallel to long axis of tooth; 25 short needle

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6
Q

what hard tissue is anesthetized for supraperiosteal infiltration

A

selected tooth, pulp and root

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7
Q

what soft tissue is anesthetized for the supraperiosteal infiltration

A

facial tissues of the selected tooth

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8
Q

what are the landmarks for the PSA

A

maxillary tuberosity; mucobuccal fold, 2nd maxillary molar

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9
Q

what is the point of presentation for the PSA

A

height of mucobuccal fold just distal to 2nd molar

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10
Q

what is the site of deposition for the PSA

A

apex of 3rd molar; 10-16mm deep

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11
Q

how much anesthetic is administered for the PSA

A

0.9-1.7mL or 1/2-full cartridge

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12
Q

what is the technique and needle used for the PSA

A

45 degrees down and out,, 25 short or 27 short needle

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13
Q

what hard tissue is anesthetized for the PSA

A

maxillary molars

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14
Q

what soft tissue is anesthetized for the PSA

A

overlying facial tissue

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15
Q

what are the landmarks for the MSA

A

maxillary 2nd premolar; mucobuccal fold

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16
Q

what is the point of presentation for the MSA

A

height of mucobuccal fold above 2nd premolar

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17
Q

what is the site of deposition for the MSA

A

above apex of 2nd premolar, 5-10mm deep

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18
Q

how much anesthetic is administered for the MSA

A

0.9-1.2mL or 1/2-2/3 cartridge

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19
Q

what is the technique and needle used for the MSA

A

parallel to long axis of 2nd premolar, 25 short or 27 short needle

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20
Q

what hard tissue is anesthetized for the MSA

A

maxillary premolars

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21
Q

what soft tissue is anesthetized for the MSA

A

overlying facial tissues and lip

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22
Q

what are the landmarks for the ASA

A

maxillary incisors and canine

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23
Q

what is the point of presentation for the ASA

A

height of mucobuccal fold just mesial to canine

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24
Q

what is the site of deposition for the ASA

A

above apex of canine, 5mm deep

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25
Q

what much anesthetic is administered for the ASA

A

0.6-0.9mL or 1/3-1/2 cartridge

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26
Q

what is the technique and needle used for the ASA

A

45 degrees toward apex of canine, 25 short, or 27 short needle

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27
Q

what hard tissue is anesthetized for the ASA

A

maxillary incisors and canine

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28
Q

what soft tissue is anesthetized for the ASA

A

overlying facial tissues and lip

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29
Q

what are the landmarks for the NP

A

maxillary central incisors, incisive papilla

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30
Q

what is the point of presentation for the NP

A

either side of the incisive papilla

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31
Q

what is the site of deposition for the NP

A

incisive foramen, 4mm deep

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32
Q

how much anesthetic is administered for the NP

A

0.45mL or 1/4 cartridge (or until blanches)

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33
Q

what is the technique and needle used for the NP

A

angle under papilla towards foramen, 25 short, or 27 short needle

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34
Q

what hard tissue is anesthetized for the NP

A

anterior 1/3 of hard palate (canine to canine)

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35
Q

what soft tissue is anesthetized for the NP

A

palatal tissues from canine to canine

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36
Q

what are the landmarks for the GP

A

2nd molar and GP foramen

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37
Q

what is the point of presentation for the GP

A

anterior to greater palatine foramen

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38
Q

what is the site of deposition for the GP

A

just anterior to GP, 3-6mm deep

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39
Q

how much anesthetic is administered for the GP

A

0.45-0.6mL or 1/4-1/3 cartridge (or until tissue blanches)

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40
Q

what is the technique and needle used for the GP

A

approach from either side of mouth, 25 short or 27 short

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41
Q

what hard tissue is anesthetized for the GP

A

posterior 2/3 of hard palate

42
Q

what soft tissue is anesthetized for the GP

A

palatal tissues distal to canine

43
Q

what are the landmarks for the AMSA

A

premolars/midpalatal suture line/free gingival margin

44
Q

what is the point of presentation for the AMSA

A

halfway between the midpalatal suture line and free gingival margin between the premolars

45
Q

what is the site of deposition for the AMSA

A

palatine bone; 4mm deep

46
Q

how much anesthetic is administered for the AMSA

A

1.4-1.7mL or 3/4-full cartridge

47
Q

what is the technique and needle used for the AMSA

A

pressure anesthesia for 1 minute; approach from either side of mouth; 27 short needle

48
Q

what hard tissue is anesthetized for the AMSA

A

maxillary incisors, canine, and premolars to midline

49
Q

what soft tissue is anesthetized for the AMSA

A

facial tissues of maxillary incisors, canine and premolars; all lingual tissue of palate

50
Q

which injections have an immediate onset

A

NP and GP

51
Q

what are the landmarks for the IA/lingual

A

coronoid notch; pterygomandibular raphe; corner of mouth

52
Q

what is the point of presentation for the IA/lingual

A

lateral to the pterygomandibular raphe; 8-10mm occlusal plane

53
Q

what is the site of deposition for the IA/lingual

A

at or above mandibular foramen; 20-25 mm deep; pull back halfway for lingual

54
Q

how much anesthetic is administered for the IA/lingual

A

1.4-1.7mL 3/4-full cartridge for IA; 0.2mL or 1/8 cartridge for lingual

55
Q

what is the technique and needle used for the IA/lingual

A

approach from opposite side of mouth; syringe over premolars and parallel to mandibular occlusal plane; needle hugs raphe; seat patient upright; 25 long needle

56
Q

what hard tissue is anesthetized for the IA/lingual

A

mandibular teeth to midline; body of mandible

57
Q

what soft tissue is anesthetized for the IA/lingual

A

facial tissues form 2nd premolar to midline; all lingual tissues; anterior 2/3 of tongue; floor of mouth

58
Q

what are the landmarks for the long buccal

A

internal and external oblique ridge; mandibular molars

59
Q

what is the point of presentation for the long buccal

A

height of distobuccal cusps; distal and lateral molars; between internal and external ridges

60
Q

what is the site of deposition for the long buccal

A

anterior border of ramus; 3mm deep

61
Q

how much anesthetic is administered for the long buccal

A

0.2 or 1/8 cartridge

62
Q

what is the technique and needle used for the long buccal

A

syringe parallel and facial to mandibular occlusal plane, 25 long or 27 long needle

63
Q

what hard tissue is anesthetized for the long buccal

A

no teeth

64
Q

what soft tissue is anesthetized for the long buccal

A

facial tissues of mandibular molars

65
Q

what are the landmarks for the incisive

A

mental foramen; 2nd mandibular premolar; mucobuccal fold

66
Q

what is the point of presentation for the incisive

A

mucobuccal fold directly over or just anterior to the mental foramen

67
Q

what is the site of deposition for the incisive

A

directly over or just anterior to the mental foramen, 5-6mm deep

68
Q

how much anesthetic is administered for the incisive

A

0.6-0.9mL or 1/3-1/2 cartridge

69
Q

what is the technique and needle used for the incisive

A

parallel to long axis of premolars; apply pressure for 1-2 minutes over foramen; 25 short or 27 short needle

70
Q

what hard tissue is anesthetized for the incisive

A

1st or 2nd premolar; all anterior teeth to midline

71
Q

what soft tissue is anesthetized for the incisive

A

facial tissues of premolars to central incisor, chin and lower lip

72
Q

what are the landmarks for the mental

A

mental foramen; 2nd mandibular premolar; mucobucccal fold

73
Q

what is the point of presentation for the mental

A

mucobuccal fold directly over or just anterior to the mental foramen

74
Q

what is the site of deposition for the mental

A

directly over or just anterior to the mental foramen; 5-6mm deep

75
Q

how much anesthetic is administered for the mental

A

0.6mL or 1/3 cartridge

76
Q

what is the technique and needle used to the mental

A

parallel to long axis of premolars; 25 short or 27 short needle

77
Q

what are tissue is anesthetized for the mental

A

none

78
Q

what soft tissue is anesthetized for the mental

A

facial tissues of premolars to central incisor, chin and lower lip

79
Q

what are the landmarks for gow gates

A

tragus of ear; corner of mouth; mesiolingual cusp of maxillary 2nd molar

80
Q

what is the point of presentation for the gow gates

A

tissue adjacent to distofacial cups of maxillary 2nd molar just lateral to raphe

81
Q

what is the site of deposition for the gow gates

A

neck of condyle; 25-30mm deep

82
Q

how much anesthetic is administered for the gow gates

A

1.7mL (full cartridge)

83
Q

what is the technique and needle used for the gow gates

A

approach from opposite corner of mouth; syringe parallel with line connecting corner of mouth tragus of ear; 25 long needle

84
Q

what hard tissue is anesthetized for the gow gates

A

mandibular teeth to midline

85
Q

what soft tissue is anesthetized for the gow gates

A

all buccal and lingual tissues; anterior 2/3 of tongue; floor of mouth on that same side

86
Q

what is the onset for the long buccal

A

1 minute

87
Q

what are the contraindications for epinephrine

A

uncontrolled hyperthyroidism, sulfite sensitivity, cocaine or methamphetamine within 24 hours, ASA III or IV, diabetes pregnant and lactating, asthma

88
Q

what innervates structures close to the nerve

A

mantle

89
Q

what innervates structures further away from the nerve

A

core

90
Q

where are fasciculi located in mantle bundles

A

outer region

91
Q

where aer fasciculi located in core bundles

A

central region

92
Q

what produces myeline and is surrounded and protect peripheral nerves

A

schwann cells

93
Q

modification of nerve membrane caused by diffusion of local anesthetic molecules to lipophilic regions of the membrane

A

membrane expansion theory

94
Q

the membrane expansion theory causes a narrowing of:

A

sodium ion channels

95
Q

the binding of local anesthetic molecules to structural proteins called specific protein receptor sites within the ion channels

A

specific protein receptor theory

96
Q

does the membrane expansion theory or specific protein receptor theory explain more of action potentials

A

specific protein receptor theory

97
Q

what causes the specific protein receptor theory

A

RNH+

98
Q

carry nerve impulses to the CNS

A

afferent nerves

99
Q

carry nerve impulses away from the CNS

A

efferent nerves

100
Q

caused by injury or disease in body tissues. can be constant or intermittent and often escalates with movement

A

nociceptive pain

101
Q

what is used to preserve epinephrine

A

bisulfites

102
Q
A

Semester 3 Local Anesthesia (9 decks)

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