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exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

anterior to posterior
great vessels/structures

A

IVC > Esophagus > Aorta

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2
Q

portal triad

A

Small and thick: hepatic artery
Large and thin: portal vein
Stained green: bile duct

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3
Q

double layer of peritoneum that connects stomach to liver

A

lesser omentum

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4
Q

double layer of peritoneum that hangs like an apron from stomach- folds back up to transverse colon

A

greater omentum

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5
Q

Pain well-localized
peritoneum

A

parietal

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6
Q

Pain poorly-localized
peritoneum

A

visceral

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7
Q

nearly completely covered by visceral peritoneum
Are NOT inside peritoneum

A

intraperiotoneal

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8
Q

Absorbs water
Stores feces until defecation
Bacteria in gut produce Vitamin K-

A

large intestine

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9
Q

Pancreatic juice (alkaline)- digestive enzymes
Pancreatic duct carries juice into duodenum
Joins bile duct to form Hepatopancreatic Ampulla
Sphincter of Oddi prevents duodenal contents from
entering ampulla

A

exocrine glands of pancreas

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10
Q

Portal Vein, Hepatic Artery, Bile Duct

A

portal triad

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11
Q

Formation of Portal Vein (3 join together)

A
  • Splenic vein
  • Superior mesenteric
  • Inferior mesenteric
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12
Q

what artery does the hepatic artery come from

A

celiac trunk

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13
Q

true or false
filtration is passive

A

true

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14
Q

what does kidney do (3 things)

A

Produces Erythropoietin- stimulates RBC formation
Produces Renin- elevates blood pressure
Helps produce active form of Vitamin D- needed for Calcium absorption

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15
Q

Left renal vein: _________

A

longer

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16
Q

Left renal artery: __________

A

shorter

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17
Q

Secretes corticosteroids, mineralocorticoids and androgens (steroid hormones)

Cause kidney to retain water and salts

A

cortex

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18
Q

Nervous tissue associated with sympathetic nervous system
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine
‘fight or flight’ hormones

A

medulla

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19
Q

Stenotic murmur: when valve is supposed to be ______

A

open (but it is shut)

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20
Q

all 4 valves are closed

A

isovolumetric contraction

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21
Q

pulmonary veins are generally ____________ than the pulmonary arteries

A

smaller

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22
Q

what 3 structures drain into right atrium

A

SVC, IVC, coronary sinus

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23
Q

sympathetic nerves synapse only ______

A

once

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24
Q

4 structures on the left side of the spine

A

Aorta
Thoracic duct
Sympathetic chain ganglia: goes from neck to pelvis
Hemizygous

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25
Q

3 structures on the right side of the spine

A

IVC
Azygous vein
Sympathetic chain ganglia

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26
Q

how many lobes in the right lung

A

3 lobes

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27
Q

5 structures that are intraperitoneal

A

Jejunum
Ilium
Transverse
Sigmoid
spleen

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28
Q

retroperitoneal

A

Aorta
IVC
Adrenal glands
Kidneys
Uterus
Ovaries
Rectum
Ascending
Descending
Anus

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29
Q

RUQ pain

A

gallbladder

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30
Q

LUQ pain

A

stomach

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31
Q

LLQ pain

A

diverticulitis (sigmoid colon most common)

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32
Q

RLQ pain

A

appendix

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33
Q

what has no arterial component

A

hypogastric nerve system

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34
Q

line down the middle of the intestines that forms the haustra

A

Taenia coli

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35
Q

Aorta branches into right and left iliac artery at ___

A

L4

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36
Q

Small intestine
Right ½ of large intestine

artery

A

superior mesenteric artery

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37
Q

Left ½ of large intestine
Rectum
Anus

artery

A

Inferior mesenteric artery

38
Q

Left ovarian or testicular vein
Directly off ______ _________ _______

A

left renal vein

39
Q

Right ovarian or testicular vein
Directly off ___________ ______ _______

A

inferior vena cava

40
Q

Spinal accessory nerve

A

sternocleidomastoid (inspiration)

41
Q

medial pectoral nerve

A

pec minor and pec major (inspiration)

42
Q

Ventral Rami C3-C6

A

scalenes (inspiration)

43
Q

ventral rami of 9-12 thoracic nerves

A

serratus posterior inferior (expiration)

44
Q

lower 6 thoracic nerves

A

external obliques

45
Q

intercostal nerves

A

Internal intercostals
Transversus Thoracis (exhale)

46
Q

name 3 muscles of expiration

A

Internal intercostals: intercostal nerves
Transversus Thoracis: intercostal nerves
Serratus posterior inferior: ventral rami

47
Q

anterior abdominal muscles (4)

A

Rectus abdominus: support viscera, flex and rotate

External oblique: flex and rotate

Internal oblique: flex and rotate

Transverse abdominus: support viscera

*ventral rami of inferior 6 thoracic nerves

48
Q

lateral abdominal wall (3)

A
  • External oblique
  • Internal oblique
  • Transverse abdominus
49
Q

subcostal nerve

A

ventral rami of T12

50
Q

Iliohypogastric and Ilioinguinal nerve

51
Q

cannot reduce herniated material

A

incarcerated

52
Q

pressure on herniated material has compromised blood supply, leading to necrosis; surgical emergency

A

strangulated

53
Q

superficial ring, lateral, entire inguinal canal

A

indirect
“ISLE”

54
Q

deep ring, Medial, partial, transversalis fascia

A

direct
“DDMPT”

55
Q

Pressure over the deep inguinal ring controls an __________ hernia

A

indirect hernia

56
Q

Pressure over the superficial inguinal ring controls a __________ hernia

57
Q

first branches off the aorta

A

R and L coronary arteries

58
Q

first branches off the aortic arch

A

brachiocephalic

59
Q

all 4 valves are closed

A

isovolumetric contraction

60
Q

closure of AV (tricuspid and mitral valves) for systole to begin

61
Q

closure of aortic and pulmonic for diastole to begin

62
Q

what valves are open during diastole

A

mitral and tricuspid

63
Q

what valves are open during systole

A

pulmonic and aortic

64
Q

Regurg murmur: when valve is supposed to be ________

A

Regurg murmur: when valve is supposed to be closed

65
Q

Stenotic murmur: when valve is supposed to be ______

A

Stenotic murmur: when valve is supposed to be open

66
Q

Arteries that branch off internal thoracic

A

anterior intercostals

67
Q

arteries that branch off the descending aorta

A

posterior intercostals

68
Q

Arteries that carry oxygen and blood to hilum

A

bronchial arteries

69
Q

sympathetic innervation for stomach, spleen, liver, pancreas

A

celiac ganglion

70
Q

Diaphragmatic aperture

A

o Caval foramen
o Aortic hiatus
o Esophageal hiatus

71
Q

-Rectus abdominus
-Inguinal ligament
-Inferior epigastric artery

A

inguinal triangle

72
Q

nerve that runs along the pericardium

73
Q

nerve that runs with aorta and esophagus, carotid and jugular

74
Q

sympathetic innervation for small intestine and ½ of large intestine

A

superior mesenteric ganglion

75
Q

parasympathetic innervation for stomach

76
Q

sympathetic nerve for bladder, rectum, genitalia

A

hypogastric ganglion

77
Q

what innervates extremities and sweat glands

A

sympathetic

78
Q

P wave

A

atrial depolarization

79
Q

ventricular depolarization

80
Q

T wave

A

ventricular repolarization

81
Q

true or false
IVC is NOT in the thorax

82
Q

sympathetic nerves run from spinal cord T__ to L___

83
Q

Connects to transverse process of vertebrae

84
Q

Connects to body of vertebrae

85
Q

what are the true ribs

86
Q

parasympathetic innervation to bladder

A

sacral spinal nerves

87
Q

the autonomic nervous system is purely _________

A

MOTOR (Efferent)

88
Q

what cranial nerves are parasympathetic

A

3, 7, 9, 10

89
Q

the entire bottom half of the body and the _____ upper side of the body goes into what lymphatic system

A

LEFT BODY

thoracic duct, then left subclavian vein

90
Q

the small portion of the ______ upper part of the body goes to what lymphatic system

A

RIGHT
right lymphatic duct, then right subclavian vein

91
Q

joint with the body of the vertebrae and head of the rib

A

costovertebral

92
Q

joint with the transverse process of the vertebrae and tubercle of the rib

A

costotransverse

Anatomy (8 decks)

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