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anatomy > Back, Shoulder, Spine > Flashcards

Back, Shoulder, Spine Flashcards

1
Q

what bone forms a joint with the humeral head and clavicular joint

A

scapula

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2
Q

what does the AC joint pair together

A

acronium and clavicle

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3
Q

where is the glenoid fossa

A

little speherical joint that joins the humurus, ball and socket joint

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4
Q

what bone hold shoulders back and to the side

A

clavicle

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5
Q

if the sternoclavicular joint was to be injured, what is located behind it

A

aorta, SVC

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6
Q

what is the joint that holds the upper extremity to axial skeleton?*

A

sternoclavicular joint (SC joint)

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7
Q

what 3 muscles attach to the coracoid process?*

A

coracobrachialis, short head of biceps, pectoralis minor

cshpm

Come study hannah, please man!

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8
Q

what does fossa mean in latin

A

indentation

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9
Q

what does acronium mean in latin

A

arch

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10
Q

what 2 muscles help the scapula to not stick out

A

seratus anterior and external oblique

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11
Q

what muscles are used during relaxed breathing

A

external intercoastalis and diaphragm

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12
Q

is the humeral head shiny or rough

A

shiny, it is covered by articular cartilage

the neck of the humerus is where the rough part starts

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13
Q

whats the most common direction of shoulder tear (anterior or posterior)

A

anterior

population for greatest risk for posterior: seizure

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14
Q

what nerve could be injured with a humeral fracture

A

radial nerve

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15
Q

what is the term for a projection NEAR a joint

A

epicondyle

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16
Q

what runs near the medial epicondyle of the humerus

A

ulnar nerve (tennis elbow)

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17
Q

what can the radius do

A

flex/extend, pronate/supinate

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18
Q

where does the radial head attach

A

capitulum

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19
Q

what are the posterior Axio-Appendicular muscles

A

trapezuius
latissimus dorsi
levator scapulae
rhomboid major and minor

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20
Q

what are the intrinsic shoulder and scapulohumeral muscles

A

deltoid
rotator cuff (SITS)
teres major

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21
Q

what is the deltoid innervated by*

A

axillary nerve C5, C6

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22
Q

does the trapezius move the shoulder?**

A

NO, it does nothing to the shoulder.

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23
Q

what actions does the trapezius do

A

elevate scapula,
retract scapula,
depresses scapula

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24
Q

what muscle is innervated by the spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)**

A

trapezius and sternocleidomastoid

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25
Q

what nerve controls the diaphragm?

A

phrenic nerve (C3, C4, C5

26
Q

how many cranial nerves are there

A

12 pairs (24)

27
Q

how many total spinal nerves are there

A

31

28
Q

how many total vertebrae

A

30

29
Q

what internally rotates the humerus?**

A

PLT

pectoralis Major
latissimus dorsi
teres major

30
Q

what muscle helps hold the scapula in place

A

rhomboids

31
Q

what externally rotates the shoulder (rotator cuff)**

A

SITS

supraspanatus
infraspanatus
subscapularus
teres minor

32
Q

what muscles in the back help with proprioception and respiration

A

serratus posterior superior (inspire)
serratus posterior inferior (expire)

33
Q

what muscles extend the head on the neck

A

splenius capitis
splenius cervicis

34
Q

what muscles make up the erector spinae? (3)*

A

illiocostalis
longissmus
spinalis

35
Q

what muscles keep you upright/maintain support, bend/extend spine?*

A

illiocostalis
longissmus
spinalis

36
Q

what are the fused bones

A

sacrum and coccyx

37
Q

do intervertebral discs have 1 or 2 numbers in their name**

A

2!

example: L5 S1

38
Q

is there a disc between C1 and C2

A

no (odontoid process acts like a disc)

39
Q

what is c1 also known as

A

atlas (carries/supports the head like an atlas)

40
Q

does c1 have a body like other vertebrae

A

no, it has an arch

41
Q

what is c2 also known as

A

axis, rotates head

42
Q

are there discs in the sacrum or coccyx

A

no, they are fused

43
Q

are most spinal nerves mixed nerves (sensory and motor)

A

yes

44
Q

what does c1 do? (sensory or motor)

A

motor

45
Q

what does coccyx-0 do? (sensory or motor)

A

sensory

46
Q

is lordosis and kyphosis (concave anterior) normal?*

A

YES

47
Q

is scoliosis more common in girls or boys

A

girls 10:1

48
Q

is scoliosis painful, weak, numbness*

A

no

however, can interfere with cardiac function

49
Q

what causes the pain with a herniated disk

A

it hits the spinal nerve posteriorly

50
Q

what is the fibrous outer portion of the disc

A

anulus

51
Q

what is the inner portion of the disc, gelatinous

A

nucleus pulposus

52
Q

what is the vertebral foreman

A

the hole where the spinal cord goes

53
Q

what type of vertebrae have the longest spinous processes (C, T, L, S or C)?

A

thoracic (like a giraffe)

54
Q

what type of vertebrae have the moose-bullwinkle spinous processes (C, T, L, S or C)?

A

lumbar

55
Q

is the coccyx the apex or the base

A

apex

56
Q

what has the biggest vertebral bodies (C, T, L, S or C)?

A

lumbar

57
Q

where does the spinal cord end

A

L1

58
Q

what is the meninges innermost layer that is adherent to the spinal cord

A

pia

59
Q

what is the meninges layer that CSF is contained by

A

arachnoid

60
Q

what is the outermost thickest layer of the meninges

A

dura

61
Q

what is the meninges extension of pia, anchors cord to sacrum

A

filum terminale

62
Q

what does the vertebral artery form as it ascends to foramen magnum

A

a loop

anatomy (8 decks)

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