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COMM220 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

culturally bound

A

Meanings are…

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2
Q

messages expressed by nonlinguistic means

A

Nonverbal Communication

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3
Q

direct verbal counterpart (ex. peace sign)

A

Emblems

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4
Q

cues that help control verbal interaction (ex. shushing someone)

A

Regulators

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5
Q

study of the eyes in communication

A

Oculesics

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6
Q

study of body movement (posture, gestures)

A

Kinesics

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7
Q

movement of the hands and arms

A

Gestures

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8
Q

fidgeting

A

Manipulators

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9
Q

movement to accentuate speech (“this big”)

A

Illustrators

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10
Q

study of touch

A

Haptics

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11
Q

the way a message is spoken/vocal. Nonverbal (ex. tone)

A

Paralanguage

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12
Q

filler words

A

Disfluencies

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13
Q

study of space

A

Proxemics

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14
Q

touch to 18 inches

A

Intimate Distance

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15
Q

18 inches to 4 feet

A

Personal Distance

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16
Q

4 feet to 12 feet

A

Social Distance

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17
Q

12 feet and beyond

A

Public Distance

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18
Q

extension of one’s physical being/stationary space

A

Territory

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19
Q

study of time

A

Chronemics

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20
Q

study of smell

A

Olfactics

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21
Q

repeat, substitute, regulate, complement, accent, deceive, contradict

A

Nonverbal Functions

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22
Q

Other types of nonverbals:

A

facial expressions, clothing, silence/pauses

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23
Q

Nonverbal communication accounts for ___ % of total meaning of communication

A

65 - 93

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24
Q

conveys sense of urgency

A

Pitch or Volume

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25
Q

conveys quality of voice

A

Tone

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26
Q

Expectancy Violations Theory

A

if communicative norms are violated, it may be perceived favorably or unfavorably

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27
Q

places can be judged by the set up of a room or the objects in it

A

Physical Environment

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28
Q

it exists, nonverbal skills are a necessity, all behavior has communicative value, it is culturally bound, it is primarily relational, and it is ambiguous

A

Nonverbal Characteristics/Principles

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29
Q

Verbal = single channel

A

Nonverbal = multiple channels

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30
Q

Verbal = clear meaning

A

Nonverbal = ambiguous meaning

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31
Q

Verbal = deliberate

A

Nonverbal = unconscious

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32
Q

Does verbal or nonverbal communication have a greater impact?

A

Nonverbal

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33
Q

an active process of receiving stimuli consisting of 5 stages

A

Listening

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34
Q

What are the 5 stages of listening (HAURR)

A

Hearing, attending, understanding, responding, remembering

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35
Q

the process in which sound waves strike the eardrum and cause vibrations that are transmitted to the brain

A

Hearing

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36
Q

the psychological process of selection, choosing what to listen to

A

Attending

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37
Q

the process of making sense of a message

A

Understanding

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38
Q

giving observable feedback to the speaker

A

Responding

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39
Q

the ability to recall information. Hardest stage in the listening process

A

Remembering

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40
Q

After first hearing, ___% of info is remembered, after 8 hours only ___%, and after 2 months only ___% is remembered

A

50%, 35%, 25%

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41
Q

giving careful and thoughtful attention and responses to the speaker

A

Mindful Listening

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42
Q

reacting automatically and routinely, without much mental investment

A

Mindless Listening

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43
Q

the degree of congruence between what a listener understands and what the sender intended

A

Listening Fidelity

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44
Q

the extent to which you focus on feeling what the speaker is feeling

A

Empathic-Objective Listening

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45
Q

the extent to which you accept and support the speaker

A

Nonjudgmental-Critical Listening

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46
Q

the extent to which you focus on the obvious surface meanings

A

Surface-Depth Listening

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47
Q

the extent to which you reflect back on what you think the speaker means in content and feeling

A

Active-Inactive Listening

48
Q

responses a listener makes to a speaker that you are listening

A

Back-Channeling Cues

49
Q

staying attentive and nonverbally responsive without offering any verbal feedback

A

Silent Listening

50
Q

pretending to listen

A

Pseudo Listening

51
Q

waiting to speak to steal the stage

A

Stage Hogging

52
Q

respond only to messages that are of value (to you)

A

Selective Listening

53
Q

ignoring specific messages (ex. politics)

A

Insulated Listening

54
Q

taking speaker’s comments as an attack

A

Defensive Listening

55
Q

collecting messages to use against the speaker

A

Ambushing

56
Q

taking speaker’s comments at face value

A

Insensitive Listening

57
Q

restating what you believe to be the speaker’s thoughts and feelings and inviting clarification

A

Paraphrase

58
Q

a response style you use when you want to show that you identify with the speaker

A

Empathizing

59
Q

a response style you use when you want to show your solidarity with the speaker

A

Supporting

60
Q

a response style you use when you offer an interpretation of a speaker’s message

A

Analyzing

61
Q

a response style you use when you appraise the speaker’s thoughts or behaviors

A

Evaluating

62
Q

a response style you use when you provide a solution

A

Advising

63
Q

___ and ___ play a big part in how people respond

A

Context and gender

64
Q

Keys to informational listening

A

talk less, get rid of distractions, don’t judge prematurely, look for key ideas, ask sincere questions, use aids, paraphrase

65
Q

Examples of situational obstacles to listening:

A

message overload (too many things at once), message complexity (doesn’t make sense), external noise

66
Q

hearing problems, lack of training, preoccupation, rapid thought, prejudgements, lack of effort, faulty assumptions, media influence

A

Examples of internal obstacles to listening:

67
Q

difficulty physically hearing

A

Hearing problems

68
Q

no training given on how to listen

A

Lack of Training

69
Q

thinking about other stuff while the person is talking

A

Preoccupation

70
Q

processing information faster than the person is speaking, so you tune them out

A

Rapid Thought

71
Q

you think you know what they are going to say, so you prejudge

A

Prejudgments

72
Q

incorrect assumptions about communication (ex. talking has more advantages than listening)

A

Faulty assumptions

73
Q

creates poor listening habits, keeps us distracted

A

Media Influence

74
Q

emotional/social tone of a relationship

A

Climate

75
Q

convey value, respect (endorsement, acknowledgement, recognition)

A

Confirming Message

76
Q

most basic confirming message

A

Recognition

77
Q

engages (talk and listen) the other

A

Acknowledgement

78
Q

strongest level/type of confirming message

A

Endorsement

79
Q

shows a lack of respect or regard (verbal abuse, interrupting, ambiguous, incongruous, irrelevant, impersonal, impervious)

A

Disconfirming Message

80
Q

name calling, most obvious type of disconfirming message

A

Verbal Abuse

81
Q

stage hogging

A

Interrupting

82
Q

subject to many meanings/unclear

A

Ambiguous

83
Q

off topic

A

Irrelevant

84
Q

has 2 messages that appear to deny/contradict each other

A

Incongruous

85
Q

ignore

A

Impervious

86
Q

judging (“You don’t know what you’re talking about”)

A

Evaluation

87
Q

free from bias (“I don’t understand how you came up with that idea”)

A

Description

88
Q

cannot be wrong (“That will never work”)

A

Certainty

89
Q

confident in decision but may change based on new info (“I think you’ll run into problems with that approach”)

A

Provisional

90
Q

manipulating, planned (“What are you doing Tuesday after class?”)

A

Strategy

91
Q

your message is open and honest (“I have a couch I need to move Tuesday afternoon. Can you give me a hand?”)

A

Spontaneity

92
Q

overpower the other (“You need to stay out of the house for the 2 hours so you don’t mess it up”)

A

Control

93
Q

focus on issue not controlling the other (“I’m expecting Sam’s parents over soon. Can we work out a way to keep the place clean?”)

A

Problem Orientation

94
Q

no feeling or investment (“That’s what happens when you don’t plan properly”)

A

Neutrality

95
Q

attempts to communicate understanding of feeling/emotion (“Ouch – looks like this didn’t turn out the way you expected”)

A

Empathy

96
Q

better than the other (“You don’t know what you’re talking about”)

A

Superiority

97
Q

equal to the other (“I see it a different way”)

A

Equality

98
Q

Seek more information by asking specifics, guess, paraphrasing or asking what the critic wants

A

How to respond nondefensively to criticism

99
Q

Don’t have to agree with entire message necessarily, but with the critic’s perception and critic’s rights

A

How to agree with facts to criticism

100
Q

expressed struggle between at least 2 interdependent parties who perceive incompatible goals, scarce rewards, and interference from the other party in achieving their goals

A

Conflict

101
Q

do not engage/avoid

A

Avoidance

102
Q

give in to the other party

A

Accommodation

103
Q

see exchange as a win/lose game. Must win

A

Competition

104
Q

give up to gain. One person has to lose something

A

Compromise

105
Q

all parties win (win/win). Ask what both parties want, then go from there

A

Collaboration

106
Q

includes avoidance and/or accommodation

A

Nonassertive Behavior

107
Q

similar to competitive

A

Direct Aggression

108
Q

is aggression but covert (hidden)

A

Passive Aggression

109
Q

hinting or asking for an intermediary

A

Indirect Communication

110
Q

includes compromise and/or collaboration

A

Assertion

111
Q

prior conditions, frustration awareness, active conflict, resolution, aftermath

A

The Stages of Conflict

112
Q

stage is set for conflict, something has happened but both parties might not know it yet

A

Prior Conditions

113
Q

you know you’re mad

A

Frustration Awareness

114
Q

when frustration is communicated to the other party

A

Active Conflict

115
Q

when conflict is resolved

A

Resolution

116
Q

what the relationship looks like after resolution. May result in more conflict

A

Aftermath

117
Q

Conflict can’t begin before it has been ____.

A

expressed

COMM220 (5 decks)

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