Cumulative Terms Flashcards
existing in thought. not concrete (ex. stuff, matter, things)
Abstractions
selection, omission, priming, framing. for media to tell us what to think about
Agenda Setting
based on random choice. not naturally connected (made up)
Arbitrary
emotional/social tone of a relationship
Climate
degree of closeness among group members
Cohesion
a systemic process in which people interact with and through symbols to create and interpret meanings. Is a Process (ongoing and dynamic) and Systemic (the various parts affect each other)
Communication
fear or anxiety associated with either real or anticipated communication encounters
Communication Apprehension
expressed struggle between at least two interdependent parties who perceive incompatible goals, scarce rewards, and interference from the other party in achieving their goals
Conflict
culture, people, place, and time
Context
people co-create meaning. content, speech act, episode, relationship, life script, cultural patterns
Coordinated Management of Meaning
long term effects of TV from accumulation over time. says TV promotes an inaccurate worldview. the more accumulation, the worse the effect
Cultivation Theory
theory that waits for a reward to come later. maybe the reward will be greater
Delayed Gratifications
explores the distribution of resources. people are satisfied in equitable relationships
Equity Theory
more than one commonly accepted definition (ex. pot)
Equivocal
assumption that one’s own culture is right/superior. the only right one
Ethnocentrism
theory that if communicative norms are violated, it may be perceived favorably or unfavorably
Expectancy Violations
a kind of response to someone
Feedback
ab absence of critical thought. when want for unanimity overrides what’s best. often happens in highly cohesive groups
Groupthink
relationships of circumstance. a type of interpersonal relationship
Impersonal
theory that the system of rules that tells you which traits/characteristics go with which other characteristics when organizing information
Implicit Personality
communication interacts are ongoing and dynamic
Interactive
communication between people, usually in close relationships such as friendship and romance. relationships of choice
Interpersonal
a state of closeness in a relationship (dimensions, not levels. physical, emotional, intellectual, shared activities)
Intimacy
communication with oneself
Intrapersonal
an active process of receiving stimuli consisting of 5 stages. selecting, attending, understanding, responding, and remembering
Listening
we find comfort with those who share similar values, beliefs, economic standing, education, etc.
Matching Hypothesis
a type of interference to listening. can be environmental (physical), physiological (internal), or psychological (mental)
Noise
messages expressed by nonlinguistic means
Nonverbal
the ways of thinking, acting, and understanding work that are shared by members of an organization and that reflect an organization’s distinct identity. communication alters culture and culture alters communication
Organizational Culture
the active process of observing stimuli in the environment and making sense of it
Perception
theory that a person’s self-concept mirrors the way the person believes others regard him/her. seen through particular others or generalized other
Reflected Appraisal
how you describe yourself at a given time. is subjective (biased), flexible (can create exceptions), and resistant (doesn’t want to change)
Self-Concept
deliberately revealing significant and personal information that otherwise would not be known. Social Penetration Theory
Self-Disclosure
how you evaluate yourself
Self-Esteem
an expectation of an event, followed by behaviors that make the outcome more likely to occur (ex. believing in yourself improves test scores). Can be self-imposed or other-imposed
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
a group of at least three people that is small enough for individual members to perceive one another as individuals during interaction. max size is either 12 or 6/7
Small Group
theory of evaluation of oneself in terms of or by comparison to others (reference group)
Social Comparison
seek out and stay in relationships where we perceive the rewards to be greater than or at least equal to the costs
Social Exchange
theory where the information disclosed will vary in depth and breadth depending on the relationship (breadth = range of topics, depth = how deep you go)
Social Penetration
a theory that a person’s position in society shapes his/her view of society in general
Standpoint
the whole is greater than the sum of its parts (collaborative vitality)
Synergy
used to study small groups. includes input, throughput, and output variables
Systems Theory
communication is transactional = simultaneous. both sending and receiving a message at the same time
Transactional
theory that consumers are “active agents” who can choose what they want from the media. either for info/surveillance or pleasure/escape
Uses and Gratifications
