Exam 1 Study Unabridged Flashcards
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Acetylcholine
Cholinergic agonist (direct-acting); muscarinic and nicotinic; decrease CO, HR, BP, increase GI/bladder motility, increase secretions, miosis
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Bethanechol
Cholinergic agonist (direct-acting); muscarinic; increase GI/bladder motility; treats neurogenic atony and megacolon
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Carbachol
Cholinergic agonist (direct-acting); muscarinic and nicotinic; decrease CO, HR, BP, increase GI/bladder motility, release of epinephrine from adrenal medulla, miosis and cycloplegia; treats glaucoma (onset of 10-20 min, duration 4-8 hours)
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Pilocarpine
Cholinergic agonist (direct-acting); muscarinic; tertiary amine; miosis and cycloplegia; increase secretions (very potent); treats xerostomia and Sjogren’s syndrome (dry mouth/lack of tears), also treats glaucoma (drug of choice for emergency IOP decrease; onset within minutes, duration 4-8 hours); if enters CNS it is toxic (treat with atropine)
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Edrophonium
Cholinergic agonist (indirect-acting, reversible); used to diagnose MG
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Physostigmine
Cholinergic agonist (indirect-acting, reversible); increase intestinal/bladder motility; miosis/cycloplegia; treats glaucoma (not as effective as pilocarpine) and OD of atropine, phenothiazines, and TCAs; can cross BBB
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Neostigmine
Cholinergic agonist (indirect-acting, reversible); increased GI/bladder motility; treats OD of tubocurarine; treats MG symptomatically; contraindicated when GI/bladder obstruction is present
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Pyridostigmine
Cholinergic agonist (indirect-acting, reversible); treats chronic MG; duration 3-6 hours (longer than neostigmine)
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Ambenonium
Cholinergic agonist (indirect-acting, reversible); treats chronic MG; duration 4-8 hours (longer than neostigmine)
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Tacrine
Cholinergic agonist (indirect-acting, reversible); treats Alzheimer disease; has hepatotoxic effects; GI distress is primary adverse effect
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Donepezil
Cholinergic agonist (indirect-acting, reversible); treats Alzheimer disease; GI distress is primary adverse effect
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Rivastigmine
Cholinergic agonist (indirect-acting, reversible); treats Alzheimer disease; GI distress is primary adverse effect
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Galantamine
Cholinergic agonist (indirect-acting, reversible); treats Alzheimer disease; GI distress is primary adverse effect
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Hemicholinium
Cholinergic agonist (indirect-acting, reversible); blocks the sodium cotransporter and hence reuptake of ACh
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Vesamicol
Cholinergic antagonist (indirect-acting, reversible); blocks the the storage of ACh in the presynaptic neuron
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Echothiophate
Cholinergic agonist (indirect-acting, irreversible); causes paralysis of motor function; treats glaucoma (but can cause cataracts); its OD is treated by atropine
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Pralidoxime
Acetylcholinesterase reactivator if introduced before aging; used to reverse effects of echothiophate
Where in the sympathetic nervous system can postsynaptic muscainic receptors be found?
Sweat and salivary glands.
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Atropine
Cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic; binds competitively; mydriasis, cycloplegia, decrease GI/bladder motility, decrease secretions; low dose decrease HR, high dose slightly increase HR; treats OD of echothiophate and AChE inhibitors; SE dry mouth, blurred vision, “sandy eyes”, tachycardia, urinary retention, constipation; CNS SE, restlessness, confusion, halucinations, delirium
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Scopolamine
Cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic; tertiary amine; mydriasis, cycloplegia, decrease GI/bladder motility, decreased secretions; treats motion sickness prophylactically, can be used as a short-term memory blocker
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Ipratropium
Cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic; treats COPD; is a quaternary derivative of atropine, hence does not enter CNS or systemic circulation; requires dosing up to four times a day
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Tiotropium
Cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic; treats COPD; is a quaternary derivative of atropine, hence does not enter CNS or systemic circulation; requires dosing only once a day
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Tropicamide
Cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic; mydriasis and cycloplegia; duration of action 6 hours
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Cyclopentolate
Cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic; mydriasis and cycloplegia; duration of action 24 hours
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Benztropine
Cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic; acts in CNS; treats Parkinson disease
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Trihexyphenidyl
Cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic; acts in CNS; treats Parkinson disease
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Darifenacin
Cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic; decrease bladder motility; treats overactive urinary bladder disease; SE of dry mouth, constipation, and blurry vision
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Fesoterodine
Cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic; decrease bladder motility; treats overactive urinary bladder disease; SE of dry mouth, constipation, and blurry vision
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Oxybutynin
Cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic; decrease bladder motility; treats overactive urinary bladder disease; available as a transdermal system, making it better tolerable than other drugs for overactive urinary bladder disease
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Solifenacin
Cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic; decrease bladder motility; treats overactive urinary bladder disease; SE of dry mouth, constipation, and blurry vision
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Tolterodine
Cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic; decrease bladder motility; treats overactive urinary bladder disease; SE of dry mouth, constipation, and blurry vision
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Trospium chloride
Cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic; decrease bladder motility; treats overactive urinary bladder disease; SE of dry mouth, constipation, and blurry vision
What are some general features of ganglionic blockers?
Vasodilation, atony of bladder/GI, cycloplegia, xerostomia, tachycardia
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Nicotine
Cholinergic antagonist; nicotinic (ganglionic blocker); depolarizes autonomic ganglia, resulting first in stimulation then in paralysis; enhances release of dopamine and NE to cause pleasure and appetite control; has no therepeutic benefit
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Mecamylamine
Cholinergic antagonist; nicotinic (ganglionic blocker); competitive
What are some central muscle relaxants?
Baclofen, diazepam, dantrolene.
What are some uses for nondepolarizing NMJ blockers?
Shorten the duration of neostigmine, pyridostigmine, and edrophonium.
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Atracurium
Cholinergic antagonist; nicotinic (NMJ blocker); nondepolarizing, competitive; adjuvant during surgery for complete muscle relaxation; spontaneously degrades in plasma (metabolism is independent of heptic/renal function); SE of histamine release (potential seizures)
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Cisatracurium
Cholinergic antagonist; nicotinic (NMJ blocker); nondepolarizing, competitive; adjuvant during surgery for complete muscle relaxation; spontaneously degrades in plasma (metabolism is independent of heptic/renal function); less likely to release histamine than atracurium
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Pancuronium
Cholinergic antagonist; nicotinic (NMJ blocker); nondepolarizing, competitive; adjuvant during surgery for complete muscle relaxation; increase HR
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Rocuronium
Cholinergic antagonist; nicotinic (NMJ blocker); nondepolarizing, competitive; adjuvant during surgery for complete muscle relaxation
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Tubocurarine
Cholinergic antagonist; nicotinic (NMJ blocker); nondepolarizing, competitive; adjuvant during surgery for complete muscle relaxation; no longer in use
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Vecuronium
Cholinergic antagonist; nicotinic (NMJ blocker); nondepolarizing, competitive; adjuvant during surgery for complete muscle relaxation
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Succinylcholine
Cholinergic antagonist; nicotinic (NMJ blocker); depolarizing; causes first fasciculations then paralysis; used for intubation due to rapid onset and short duration; can cause hyperthermia (when used with halothane), apnea (with pts who are genetically deficient in plasma cholinesterase), and hyperkalemia
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Epinephrine
Adrenergic agonist (direct-acting); alpha (predominant at high dose) and beta (predominant at low dose); increase contractility (positive ionotropic beta1) and HR (chronotropic beta1); beta1 effect on kidney causes renin relase, leads to vasoconstriction in viscera and vasodilation in liver and skeletal muscles (increase systolic BP, decrease diastolic BP), bronchodilation, hyperglycemia; treats bronchospasm, anaphylactic shock, cardiac arrest; used as an adjunct in anesthetic to vasoconstrict around area of injection
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Norepinephrine
Adrenergic agonist (direct-acting); alpha; vasoconstriction in peripheral tissue due to renin (alpha1) effect, increase systolic and diastolic BP, reflex bradycardia; treats shock
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Dopamine
Adrenergic agonist (direct-acting); alpha1 at high dose and beta1 at low dose; found in basal ganglia; increase renal blood flow and CO; treats cardiogenic and septic shock as well as hypotension and severe congestive heart failure
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Isoproterenol
Adrenergic agonist (direct-acting); beta; increase HR, contraction, and CO, decrease peripheral resistance (slight increase in systolic pressure, decrease in diastolic), bronchodilation, increase blood sugar and lipolysis; used to stimulate heart in emergencies; treats AV block or cardiac arrest
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Fenoldopam
Adrenergic agonist (direct-acting); alpha2 and D1; treats hypertension (rapid-acting) by causing vasodilation through D1 receptor activation
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Dobutamine
Adrenergic agonist (direct-acting); beta1; increase HR and CO; treats acute congestive heart failure
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Oxymetazoline
Adrenergic agonist (direct-acting); alpha; treats red eye and nasal decongestion (duration 12 hours)
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Phenylephrine
Adrenergic agonist (direct-acting); alpha1; mydriasis and nasal decongestion (duration 4 hours); large doses cause hypertensive HA
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Clonidine
Adrenergic agonist (direct-acting); alpha2; decrease BP; treats essential hypertension (due to alpha2 activation, decreases NE release presynaptically); treats withdrawal from opiates, tobacco, benzodiazepines; abrupt withdrawal leads to rebound hypertension; acts centrally to decrease sympathetic outflow to periphery
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Metaproterenol
Adrenergic agonist (direct-acting); beta2
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Albuterol
Adrenergic agonist (direct-acting); beta2; bronchodilation (duration 3 hours)
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Terbutaline
Adrenergic agonist (direct-acting); beta2; bronchodilation; used off-label as uterine relaxant to suppress premature labor
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Salmeterol
Adrenergic agonist (direct-acting); beta2; bronchodilation (onset delayed, duration >12 hours); agent of choice for nocturnal asthma
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Formoterol
Adrenergic agonist (direct-acting); beta2; bronchodilation (duration >12 hours); agent of choice for nocturnal asthma
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Amphetamine
Adrenergic agonist (indirect-acting); blocks NE reuptake and causes release of stored catecholamines; increase BP; treat hyperactivity in children, narcolepsy, appetite control
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Tyramine
Adrenergic agonist (indirect-acting); found in fermented foods such as Chianti wine and aged cheese
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Cocaine
Adrenergic agonist (indirect-acting); increase BP; blocks ATPase pump for NE reuptake
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Ephedrine
Adrenergic agonist (mixed-action); alpha and beta; bronchodilation, mild CNS stimulation; raises systolic and diastolic BP; nasal and sinus decongestant
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Pseudoephedrine
Adrenergic agonist (mixed-action); alpha and beta; has been illegally converted to methamphetamine
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Phenoxybenzamine
Adrenergic antagonist; alpha; irreversible/noncompetitive; decrease peripheral resistance with reflex tachycardia, increase CO due to NE release from blocked alpha2 receptors in heart; treats pheochromocytoma, Raynaud disease, frostbite, acrocyanosis; can cause postural hypotension, nasal stuffiness, nausea, and vomiting
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Phentolamine
Adrenergic antagonist; alpha; competitive; treats hypertensive crisis due to clonidine withdrawal or ingesting tyramine-containing foods in MOAI patients; can be used for impotence
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Prazosin
Adrenergic antagonist; alpha1; competitive; treat hypertension; first dose can cause orthostatic hypotensive response (minimized by first dose adjusted to 1/3 or 1/4, giving drug at bedtime); minimal cardiac/renal effect; retains sodium, usually given with a diuretic
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Terazosin
Adrenergic antagonist; alpha1; competitive; treat hypertension; first dose can cause orthostatic hypotensive response (minimized by first dose adjusted to 1/3 or 1/4, giving drug at bedtime); minimal cardiac/renal effect
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Doxazosin
Adrenergic antagonist; alpha1; competitive; treat hypertension; first dose can cause orthostatic hypotensive response (minimized by first dose adjusted to 1/3 or 1/4, giving drug at bedtime); minimal cardiac/renal effect
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Tamsulosin
Adrenergic antagonist; alpha1A; competitive; decrease peripheral resistance (minimal); treat benign prostatic hypertrophy; minimal cardiac/renal effect; first dose can cause orthostatic hypotensive response (minimized by first dose adjusted to 1/3 or 1/4, giving drug at bedtime); risk for floppy iris syndrome
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Alfuzosin
Adrenergic antagonist; alpha1; competitive; decrease peripheral resistance (minimal); treat benign prostatic hypertrophy; minimal cardiac/renal effect; first dose can cause orthostatic hypotensive response (minimized by first dose adjusted to 1/3 or 1/4, giving drug at bedtime)
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Yohimbine
Adrenergic antagonist; alpha2; competitive; sexual stimulant; relieve vasoconstriction of Raynaud disease
In general, what are beta blockers used for?
Treating angina, arrhythmias, myocaridla infarction, heart failure, hyperthyroidism, glaucoma, and prophlylactic migraine. They also do not cause postural hypotension due to alpha receptors being spared.
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Propanolol
Adrenergic antagonist; beta; has negative ionotropic and chronotropic effects (decrease CO); bronchoconstriction, perispheral vasoconstriction, increase sodium retention (use with diuretic), hypoglycemia
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Timolol
Adrenergic antagonist; beta; reduces production of aqueous humor (treat open-angle glaucoma, with no effect on pupillary or cycloplegic effects; also carteolol and betaxolol); nonspecific, so must take care if patient has COPD or asthma
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Nadolol
Adrenergic antagonist; beta; long duration of action
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Acebutolol
Adrenergic antagonist; beta1; treat hypertension in patients with COPD/asthma or diabetic patients (due to hypoglycemic effect of nonselective beta blockers); partial agonist of beta (weakly stimulates beta [has intrinsic sympathomimetic activity] yet inhibits stimulation by more potent adrenergic agonists); minimize disturbances of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Atenolol
Adrenergic antagonist; beta1; treat hypertension in patients with COPD/asthma or diabetic patients (due to hypoglycemic effect of nonselective beta blockers)
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Bisoprolol
Adrenergic antagonist; beta1; treat hypertension in patients with COPD/asthma or diabetic patients (due to hypoglycemic effect of nonselective beta blockers)
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Betaxolol
Adrenergic antagonist; beta1; reduces production of aqueous humor (treat open-angle glaucoma, with no effect on pupillary or cycloplegic effects); treat hypertension in patients with COPD/asthma or diabetic patients (due to hypoglycemic effect of nonselective beta blockers)
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Nebivolol
Adrenergic antagonist; beta1; treat hypertension in patients with COPD/asthma or diabetic patients (due to hypoglycemic effect of nonselective beta blockers)
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Esmolol
Adrenergic antagonist; beta1; treat hypertension in patients with COPD/asthma or diabetic patients (due to hypoglycemic effect of nonselective beta blockers); very short duration
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Pindolol
Adrenergic antagonist; beta; partial agonist of beta (weakly stimulates beta [has intrinsic sympathomimetic activity] yet inhibits stimulation by more potent adrenergic agonists); minimize disturbances of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Labetalol
Adrenergic antagonist; alpha and beta; peripheral vasodilation; treat hypertension in patients where decreased peripheral resistance is undesirable (black/elderly patients), treat pregnancy-induced hypertension; hypertensive emergency
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Carvedilol
Adrenergic antagonist; alpha and beta; peripheral vasodilation; treat hypertension in patients where decreased peripheral resistance is undesirable; treat stable chronic heart failure, prevent cardiovascular mortalities in patients with heart failure
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Resperine
Adrenergic antagonist; blocks storage of NE (through magnesium ATP transport), dopamine, and serotonin in vesicles (slow onset, long duration)
Name the type of drug, what type of receptor it stimualtes (if applicable), its primary use(s) and/or actions, and anything else significant about it: Guanethedine
Adrenergic antagonist; blocks release of stored NE
What are the major effects mediated by alpha1 receptors?
Vasoconstriction, increased peripheral resistance, increased blood pressure, mydriasis, increased closure of internal sphincter of the bladder (urinary retention).
What are the major effects mediated by alpha2 receptors?
Located presynaptically, they cause inhibition of NE release, inhibition of ACh release, inhibition of insulin release.
What are the major effects mediated by beta1 receptors?
Tachycardia, increased lipolysis (for energy), increased myocardial contractility, increased release of renin (to increase BP).
What are the major effects mediated by beta2 receptors?
Vasodilation (to get blood to muscles), decreased peripheral resistance, bronchodilation, increased muscle and liver glycogenolysis (for energy), increased release of glucagon, relaxed uterine smooth muscle.
