exam 1 spinal cord Flashcards

1
Q

in horizontal view, what direction of the spinal cord tends to be largest?

A

transverse

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2
Q

what are the spinal cord enlargement locations and the name given to each?

A

C3-T1– the cervical enlargement

T9-T12– the lumbar (lumbosacral) enlargement

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3
Q

where is the greatest transverse diameter of the spinal cord?

A

C6

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4
Q

what is a generic cord level of origin-vertebral level combination for the lumbar enlargement?

A

L1, L2 cord levels in T9 vertebra
L3, L4 cord levels in T10 vertebra
L5, S1 cord levels in T11 vertebra
S2, S3 cord levels in T12 vertebra

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5
Q

what is the caudal end of the spinal cord called?

A

conus medullaris

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6
Q

what spinal nerves originate from the conus medullaris?

A

typically S4, S5 and Co1

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7
Q

In which vertebral foramen will the conus medullaris typically be observed?

A

L1

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8
Q

what is the name given to the nerve roots below L1?

A

cauda equina

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9
Q

what is the continuation of pia mater below the conus medullaris called?

A

filum terminale internum

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10
Q

what is the location and name given to the area where all meninges first converge at the caudal part of the vertebral column?

A

typically S2, the dural cul de sac

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11
Q

neural tissue has been identified in what part of the filum terminale?

A

proximal part of the filum terminale internum

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12
Q

what is the fate of the neural tissue identified along the filum terminale internum?

A

it joins peripheral nerve roots of spinal nerves as high as L3 and as low as S4

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13
Q

what does the neural tissue associated with the filum terminale internum appear to innervate?

A

lower limbs and the external anal sphincter

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14
Q

the last arterial vasa corona creates what feature on angiogram?

A

cruciate anastomosis

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15
Q

what is the name given to the condensation of meninges below S2?

A

filum terminale externum

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16
Q

what is the name given to the caudal attachment of the meninges?

A

coccygeal medullary vestige

17
Q

what is the name given to the condition in which the conus medullaris is located below L1 and the filum terminale is thickened?

A

tethered cord syndrome

18
Q

what is the relationship between scoliosis and tethered cord syndrome?

A

it is suggested that the column will change normal curvatures to mitigate damage to the spinal cord

19
Q

what is the relationship between spinal nerve number, rib number and vertebral number in a thoracic intervertebral foramen?

A

the spinal nerve number relates to the upper segment number in the vertebral couple, the rib number relates to the lower segment number in the vertebral couple