Exam 1 skeletal system

Question 1

Superior

Answer 1

Up

Question 2

Inferior

Answer 2

down

Question 3

Medial

Answer 3

towards the body midline

Question 4

Lateral

Answer 4

away from the body midline

Question 5

Proximal

Answer 5

up from the arm

Question 6

Distal

Answer 6

Down from the arm

Question 7

Anterior

Answer 7

poking the hips forwards

Question 8

Posterior

Answer 8

Poking the butt out

Question 9

what is the Axial skeleton

Answer 9

top part of the body including the (head, ribs, lower spine), not including hips or shoulders

Question 10

what is the Appendicular skeleton

Answer 10

the limbs of the body (shoulders, arms, hips, legs)

Question 11

Where is the hyoid bone

Answer 11

controls the tongue, not attached to any bones

Question 12

Radius

Answer 12

forearm bone closest to the thumb

Question 13

Ulna

Answer 13

Forearm bone closest to the pinky

Question 14

Tibia

Answer 14

Shin bone closest to the big toe

Question 15

fibula

Answer 15

closest bone to the pinky toe

Question 16

What is compact bone?

Answer 16

hard outer layer of the bone that is smooth, dense, and homogenous

Question 17

Spongy bone/trabecular bone

Answer 17

softer inner layer of bone that contains red bone marrow and increases the strength of the overall bone

Question 18

Bone marrow

Answer 18

the soft tissue that surrounds the spongy bone inside of bones. It creates blood cells and contains stem cells; this all is an important part of a healthy immune system.

Question 19

Long bones

Answer 19

longer than they are wide, have a shaft with heads on both ends; mostly contains compact bone. Like farmers, ulna, or radius

Question 20

Epiphysis

Answer 20

ends of a long bone; thin layer of compact bone enclosing the spongy bone.

Question 21

Diaphysis (shaft)

Answer 21

Shaft of the bone

Question 22

Articular cartilage

Answer 22

the cartilage found on the bone (like with chicken); smooth and slippery, protects the joint surfaces

Question 23

Frontal skull bone

Answer 23

the front of the skull

Question 24

Parietal skull bone

Answer 24

sides of the skull

Question 25

temporal skull bone

Answer 25

below the parietal bone

Question 26

occipital skull bone

Answer 26

back of the head

Question 27

orbital skull bone

Answer 27

below the occipital bone

Question 28

maxilla skull bone

Answer 28

The upper lip area

Question 29

mandible skull bone

Answer 29

jaw

Question 30

nasal bones

Answer 30

nose bridge

Question 31

skull sutures

Answer 31

Lines where growing solid bones (like the skull) are connected together over time

Question 32

Fontanels

Answer 32

babies soft spots in their skulls where they haven't fused together yet

Question 33

Pectoral girdle

Answer 33

where the axial skeleton (mostly upper half) and the appendicular (limbs) attach to the body

Question 34

Pelvic girdle

Answer 34

is formed by the bony pelvis along with the sacrum and coccyx. attaches the lower limbs to the upper body

Question 35

Fixed joint

Answer 35

When grown immovable bones (like the skull) fuse together, leaving sutures in its place

Question 36

Synovial Joints

Answer 36

Freely movable joints with cartilage like the hip or the elbow joints

Question 37

facet joints

Answer 37

flexible, loose connective tissues of the spine

Question 38

Fibrous joint

Answer 38

immovable, bones united by fibrous tissues (like ustures in the skull)

Question 39

Ossification

Answer 39

process of bone formation

Question 40

Osteoblasts

Answer 40

specilized growth cells that produce bone

Question 41

osteocytes

Answer 41

mature bone cells trapped in bone tissue within osteons

Question 42

Osteoclasts

Answer 42

break down and remodels bone for regrowth

Question 43

what are the 6 types of fractures

Answer 43

simple compound greestick comminucated impacted stress

Question 44

what is closed reduction of a fracture?

Answer 44

When the bone ends are but back into position by hand

Question 45

what is open reduction of a fracture

Answer 45

when the bone is put back by surgical methods

Question 46

what are the stages of bone healing?

Answer 46

Inflammation soft callus bony callus remodeling

Question 47

What are the different types of bones?

Answer 47

flat sesamoid irregular long short sutural