Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HIST 1020 > Exam 1 SI Review Test > Flashcards

Exam 1 SI Review Test Flashcards

1
Q

the events of the French Revolution closely correspond with which of these historical devices?

A

pendulum model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

France was divided into three Estates. Why were the First and Second Estates so closely associated with each other?

A

The First Estate often sent their sons to join the Second Estate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What was the most important special legal right held by the French nobility?

A

tax exemption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why did the French nobility have special rights that the rest of France did not have?

A

hereditary privilege

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Most of the French population was grouped into this category

A

Third Estate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The urban working class in France during the time of the French Revolution were the

A

proletariat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

most of the tax burden of France was placed on the

A

peasants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What was the cause of France’s extraordinary debt during the Financial Crisis?

A

funding the American Revolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What was the issue with Calonne’s land tax plan?

A

the tax would affect the powerful French nobility, and Louis did not want retaliation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The sequence of the groups that Louis XVI called to pass his new land tax

A

Assembly of Notables - Parlement of Paris - Estates-General

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

the main reason Louis did not want to call the Estates-General was because

A

they had not been called in ages, and he knew they would demand that he share power with them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The Estates-General was finally called in this year, which marks the beginning of the French Revolution

A

1789

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

T/F: voting in the E-G was totally fair and not rigged at all because each delegate got one vote and all the votes were counted individually.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What was the main idea of the Tennis Court Oath?

A

The Third Estate pledged to meet wherever necessary until they had written a Constitution for France

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The Third Estate began calling themselves the _____ because they represented the majority of French people

A

National Assembly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why did the Parisian mob form?

A

the governor of the Bastille would not submit, so they formed to storm the fortress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bastille Day is

A

July 14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

During the Great Fear, the peasants in the countryside attacked the manor houses so they could destroy what?

A

the account books

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In response to the Great Fear the Constitution writers conspired to issue the ____ to free the French serfs from the system of _____, which was like manorialism

A

Decrees of August 4th

segneurialism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

who wrote the Declaration of the Rights of Man?

A

Marquis de Lafayette

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

the first new government created by the National Assembly after finishing their constitution was the ______, which had a _____ style of government

A

Legislative Assembly

constitutional monarchy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

the republicans in the Legislative Assembly were divided into the ____ and ____

A

Girondists

Jacobins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The Jacobins were____ and they were pro-_____. The Girondists were _____, and they were pro-_____

A

More radical, sans-culottes

less radical, middle class

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Who was the very un-charismatic, “Mr. Perfect” leader of the Jacobins who eventually led the Reign the Terror?

A

Robespierre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Why did the Right in the Legislative Assembly want war with Austria and Prussia?

A

They wanted to credit this new government with defeating Austria and Prussia to prove it could work. So the revolution could stop.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What was the new government created by the republicans because of the war with Austria and Prussia?

A

The National Convention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The execution of the royal family at the hands of the Jacobins was especially important because

A

their deaths were symbolic of the death of the old regime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Under the National Convention, France instituted the first modern draft to fight off the Austrians and Prussians. What is another name for a military draft?

A

conscription

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

The citizen soldiers and the rest of the French people who were helping with the war effort were motivated by _______, which is pride in one’s country, people, culture, etc

A

nationalism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What was the motivation behind the Reign of Terror?

A

The Jacobins-led government were trying to purge France of any counter-revolutionaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What were the methods of indoctrination used during the Reign of Terror?

A

changing the calendar
using propaganda to promote republican ideals
using censorship to edit literature and newspapers to reflect Republican ideals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

France began to mimic the society of this ancient civilization

A

Roman Republic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

The rise of the Directory was a direct result of what?

A

Robespierre called for an expansion of the Reign of Terror and more executions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Why was the power in the Directory distributed among a legislative body and a five-man committee?

A

To decrease the chances of extreme government taking hold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Under the Directory, France began to “export” the ideas of the French Revolution. What was their motive to do this?

A

They thought it was their duty to spread Republican ideals.

They wanted a ring of “buffer state” republics around France.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

T/F: Napoleon Bonaparte was born into a lower-ranking noble Italian family on the island of Corsica?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Why was Napoleon able to rise in French military rank so quickly?

A

Mad military skills

There was a shortage of military officers due to the Reign of Terror

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Napoleon’s chief military strategy was known as

A

mass and mobility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

_____ was Napoleon’s arch-nemesis who defeated him at both the _____ and the _______.

A

Admiral Nelson
Battle of the Nile
Battle of Trafalgar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

After his defeat at the Battle of the Nile, Napoleon returned to France and staged a ______ to overthrow the Directory and assume control of the government.

A

Coup d’etat

know how to spell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Napoleon established the _______, had himself voted in as ______, and eventually was crowned ______.

A

Consulate
Consul for Life
Emperor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Those states that Napoleon had conquered and reformed but not yet annexed into France were known as

A

The Ally States

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What were Napoleon’s reforms?

A

metric system
abolished serfdom
enforced the equality of all men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

After his defeat by Britain at the Battle of Trafalgar, Napoleon decided to use this to try to destroy Britain’s economy.

A

the Continental System

45
Q

The most lasting effect of Napoleon’s European empire

A

rise of nationalism, particularly with Germans and Italians

46
Q

T/F: Napoleon’s economic warfare with Britain actually harmed his subjects and eroded their support for him.

A

True

47
Q

What is Geist?

A

the collective “spirit” of the German people

48
Q

The Russian strategy of ______ shattered Napoleon’s military strategy and left his army at the mercy of the Russian winter.

A

Scorched Earth

49
Q

What happened when Napoleon rushed back to France following the failed Russian campaign?

A

he was met by the British military and exiled to Elba

50
Q

in arguably one of the best comebacks in world history, Napoleon put together an army of his old veterans, revolutionaries, etc. and marched north through France until his defeat at the Battle of Waterloo. What was this event called, and who defeated him at Waterloo?

A

The Hundred Days / Duke of Wellington

51
Q

This event was an attempt by the former European heads of state to put continental Europe back together after the fall of Napoleon

A

Congress of Vienna

52
Q

Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?

A

Britain

53
Q

What was the most important invention of the Industrial Revolution?

A

perfected steam engine

54
Q

without this series of events, the Industrial Revolution probably would not have happened

A

Agricultural Revolution

55
Q

The population surge created by agricultural innovations resulted in a massive increase in _____ for cheap, mass produced goods

A

demand

56
Q

What was the main cause of the Energy Crisis in England?

A

running out of trees for charcoal

57
Q

What were the factors that contributed to England’s leading the Industrial Revolution?

A

scientific and engineering talent / flexible financial and banking system / innovations in transportation methods

58
Q

What kind of government splits power between a monarch and a legislative body?

A

constitutional monarchy

59
Q

What is another name for a two-house legislative body?

A

bicameral

60
Q

Since Parliament produced pro-business policies and promoted industrial investment, who do you think was most likely voted into the House of Commons?

A

middle class industrialists and merchants

61
Q

Which of these was the first continental European country to industrialize?

A

Belgium

62
Q

Industrialization resulted in an _____, which is a massive influx of population into cities

A

urban shift

63
Q

Which of the following was a result of the influx of people into the cities?

A

increase in the workforce / disease epidemics / food shortages

64
Q

What caused the Great Stink of London?

A

pollution of air and water by factories / all of the human waste

65
Q

T/F: Entrepreneurs responded to the housing shortage by quickly building high quality and safe housing the working class

A

False

66
Q

The diet of industrial workers consisted mainly of _____ and ____, which, along with disease and hygiene issues, contributed to a very low life expectancy in England.

A

carbohydrates, fats

67
Q

What were the main differences between the type of work in the industrial world compared to what it was like in the countryside?

A

Industrial work was constant and very hard / countryside work was sporadic

68
Q

Women and children were used in the textile and mining industries because

A

They had small hands that could fit inside the delicate machinery / they were small enough to pull carts through small mine shafts / Factory owners could get away with paying them much lower wages

69
Q

T/F: Parliament eventually passed laws that raised the minimum wage for children to work and limited their daily work hours

A

True

70
Q

The new class of urban industrial workers was known as

A

proletariat

71
Q

Victorian womanhood was primarily concerned with

A

creating a serene environment in the home as a haven from the industrial world / mimicking Queen Victoria

72
Q

Enlightenment thinkers believed that the universe

A

was governed by natural laws / was like clock set in motion by God / could be understood by applying reason to everything

73
Q

Natural Law + reason =

A

progress

74
Q

What was a philosophe?

A

a French Enlightenment thinker

75
Q

What are the Natural Rights?

A

Life, liberty, property

76
Q

What is an example of Hereditary Privilege?

A

French nobility’s tax exemption

77
Q

conservatives preferred _____ to ______

A

tradition / anarchy

78
Q

Classical liberals were major advocates of this type of economy

A

laissez-faire economy

79
Q

Liberals loved Freedom of Contract. Which of these best describes this concept?

A

Employers and employees could enter into any contract they saw fit

80
Q

Liberalism gradually declined primarily due to the formation of _____ and _____

A

The Communist Party / The Socialist Party

81
Q

Saint Simon and Charles Fourier are associated with this type of socialism

A

utopian socialism

82
Q

according to the Dialectic theory of history, a dominant culture known as the ____ eventually clashes with the ______. out of this class comes the ____, which then becomes the dominant culture

A

thesis / antithesis / synthesis

83
Q

according to Marx’s Dialectical Materialism, the ____ consists of a society’s cultural values, religion, political system, etc., while the ____ consists of the economic system

A

superstructure / substructure

84
Q

Marx saw “capitalism as theft” by using this theory of David Ricardo’s

A

Labor Theory of Value

85
Q

Which German philosophers are associated with the Geist and nationalism?

A

Herder and Fichte

86
Q

What are the reasons that Prussia led German unification?

A

people liked the Hohenzollerns better than the Habsburgs / Prussia was part of the Zollverein / The Hohenzollerns allowed a representative assembly to form in Prussia

87
Q

Describe von Bismarck’s Realpolitik

A

never committing to one ideology; changing when necessary

88
Q

Which dynasty ruled Prussia?

A

Hohenzollerns

89
Q

Which of these important territories did the Germans gain from their victory in the Franco-Prussian War?

A

Alsace-Lorraine

90
Q

What was instrumental in starting the Franco-Prussian War?

A

Ems Telegram

91
Q

How did markets influence the expansion of European imperial power?

A

European producers needed to dump their excess goods in colonial markets

92
Q

What technological advantage helped Europeans succeed in their imperial ambitions?

A

maxim gun / steamships / medical improvements such as quinine

93
Q

invented a new seed plow that oxygenated the soil for germination

A

Jethro Tull

94
Q

discovered that turnips returned nitrogen to the soil to keep it fertile

A

Turnip Townsend

95
Q

perfected the design of the steam engine

A

James Watt

96
Q

solved the Energy Crisis by inventing puddling and rolling

A

Henry Cort

97
Q

applied the steam engine to ceramic production; mass produced cheap dishes

A

Josiah Wedgwood

98
Q

major Conservative spokesman; wrote Reflections on the Revolution in France

A

Edmund Burke

99
Q

biiiig Natural Rights guy

A

John Locke

100
Q

classical economic theory

A

Adam Smith

101
Q

big utilitarianism guy

A

Jeremy Bentham

102
Q

wrote On Liberty and spoke about the Tyranny of the Majority

A

J.S. Mill

103
Q

studied population patterns throughout history; wrote Essay on Population

A

Thomas Malthus

104
Q

wrote about the Iron Law of Wages

A

David Ricardo

105
Q

thought everyone in society should take care of the workers

A

Saint Simon

106
Q

Phalanx; “from each according to his ability to each according to his needs”

A

Charles Fourier

107
Q

helped write The Communist Manifesto and wrote Das Kapital

A

Karl Marx

108
Q

Karl Marx’s BFF who helped write The Communist Manifesto

A

Friedrich Engels

109
Q

originally came up with the ideas of the Dialectic

A

Hegel

HIST 1020 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions