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Physiology 2 > Exam 1: RBF And GFR > Flashcards

Exam 1: RBF And GFR Flashcards

1
Q

How much CO do the kidneys receive?

A

1/4 of the cardiac output

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2
Q

How many liters of filtrate are formed per day?

A

180 liters

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3
Q

What is the equation for filtration fraction (FF)?

A

GFR/RPF

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4
Q

What is normal RBF?

A

1.1 L/min

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5
Q

What is the equation to calculate Renal plasma flow (RPF)?

A

(1-Hct)(RBF)

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6
Q

What are the vasoconstrictors to regulate RBF?

A

Sympathetic nerves via Alpha 2 receptors and Angiotensin II, ADH, ATP, and endothelin

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7
Q

What are the vasodilators that work to increased RBF and GFR?

A

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), glucocorticoids, NO, and prostaglandins

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8
Q

What is autoregulation?

A

Constant blood flow and GFR though a range of arterial pressures

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9
Q

What are the two mechanisms that contribute to autoregulation?

A

The myogenic mechanism and the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism

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10
Q

What is Tubuloglomerular feedback?

A

Increasing GFR increases NaCl delivery to the LOH, this is sensed by the macula densa which causes resistant to the afferent arteriole to increase thereby decreasing RBF and GFR

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11
Q

What is Kf?

A

The filtration rate produced by each mmHm of net filtration pressure

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12
Q

Tubuloglomerular feedback maintains the constancy of ** delivered to the **.

A

Salt

Distule tubule

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13
Q

What are the main barriers to proteins in regards to glomerular filtration?

A

Basal lamina and filtration slits

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14
Q

What is PGC?

A

Blood pressure in glomerular capillary, which is the driving force for GFR

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15
Q

What is PBC?

A

Back pressure in Bowman’s capsule, which reduces GFR

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16
Q

How are PGC and GFR related?

A

Directly, as PGC increases so does GFR

17
Q

When afferent and efferent arteriolar resistances increase, what is the effect on PGC and RBF?

A

No effect on PCG, but dramatic decrease in RBF

18
Q

What happens to PGC and RBF when afferent arteriolar resistances increase?

A

Both PGC and RBF decrease

19
Q

What happens to PGC and RBF when the efferent arteriolar resistances increases?

A

PGC increases and RBF decreases

20
Q

What do PGE2 and PGI2 do?

A

They vasodilator the afferent arterioles by reducing vasoconstriction produced by the SNS stimulation to maintain blood flow

21
Q

What do NSAIDs do to prostaglandins?

A

They inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting the activity of COX1 and 2.

22
Q

What is tubular secretion?

A

When solutes go from the peritubular capillary to the tubular lumen

23
Q

What equation describes GFR?

A

Starling equation:

GFR= Kf (Pgc -Pbc) - (πgc -πbc)

24
Q

What is Pgc?

A

Blood pressure in the glomerular capillary (the driving force for GFR)

25
Q

What is Pbc?

A

The back pressure in Bowman’s capsule (reduces GFR)

26
Q

What is πgc?

A

Oncotic pressure in glomerular capillary blood (due to proteins being unable to cross the barrier and retards GFR)

27
Q

When does πgc increase?

A

AS plasma is diverted into Bowman’s capsule

28
Q

What is πbc?

A

The oncotic pressure in Bowman’s capsule, but its usually zero because there are not normally proteins in Bowman’s capsule

29
Q

Why is Angiotensins effect on GFR variable?

A

AT II constricts both afferent and efferent, but efferent is more sensitive. Low dose AT II will mostly affect efferent

30
Q

What is the equation for NFP?

A

NFP= (Pgc -Pibc) - (Pbc- Pigc)

31
Q

What happens to RBF and GFR with high concentrations of AT II?

A

Decreased GFR and RBF (both afferent and efferent arterioles are constricted)

32
Q

What happens to RBF and GFR in low doses of AT II?

A

GFR is unaffected and RBF is decreased (only efferent arteriole is constricted)

Physiology 2 (13 decks)

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