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BIOL 527 Lecture (Neuromuscular) > Exam 1 questions and answers > Flashcards

Exam 1 questions and answers Flashcards

1
Q

What germ layer is nervous tissue derived from?

A

ectoderm

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2
Q

neurons that develop in the dorsal region (plate) of the neural tube become

A

cell bodies of sensory neurons

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3
Q

Which of the following compares a brain structure with its developmental source?

A

forebrain, prosencephalon, hypothalamus

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4
Q

The central nervous system is most susceptible to major malformation during which one of the following periods?

A

weeks 1 to 4

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5
Q

The spinal cord receives most of its blood supply from the anterior and posterior spinal arteries. Therefore, which of the following arterial branches are involved?

A

vertebral and subclavian

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6
Q

The middle cerebral artery arises from the ______ and supplies the ______?

A

internal carotid arteries, lateral cerebral hemispheres, and internal capsule, putamen, and caudate nucleus

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7
Q

Which of the following arteries are a part of the circle of Willis?

A

anterior communicating and posterior cerebral arteries

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8
Q

Which of the following correctly pairs a cerebral structure with its function?

A

internal capsule; cortical communication

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9
Q

What are the cerebral hemispheres divided by?

A

longitudinal fissure

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10
Q

Which statement is true for the dorsal root ganglion cells?

A

they are neural crest derivatives

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11
Q

What plane divides a structure into superior and inferior hemispheres

A

horizontal

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12
Q

_____ axons carry info from the peripheral receptors toward the central nervous system; _____axons carry info away from the central nervous system.

A

afferent; efferent

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13
Q

Which of the following neuron structures is specialized for receiving synaptic input from other neurons?

A

postsynaptic membranes and dendrites

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14
Q

Which of the following is a structural part of a neuron that releases a neurotransmitter?

A

presynaptic terminal

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15
Q

Pseudounipolar/unipolar cells

A

have two axon extensions

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16
Q

Which of the following is not one of the primary components of a neuron?

A

synaptic cleft

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17
Q

Which of the following receptors is not considered a proprioception?

A

nociceptor

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18
Q

A _____ is a non-neuronal cell that provides support for neurons.

A

neuroglial cell

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19
Q

The myelin sheath of sensory nerves is formed by

A

Schwann cells

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20
Q

the voltage difference across a neuron’s cell membrane, maintained by an unequal distribution of ions, during an inactive period

A

resting membrane potential

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21
Q

the membrane potential becomes less negative than the resting membrane potential and closer to reaching the threshold.

A

depolarization

22
Q

Which of the following are considered to be projection fibers?

A

internal capsule

23
Q

primary somatosensory cortex

A

performs none of the above

24
Q

categorizing and discerning sounds as language, music, or noise occurs in

A

auditory association cortex

25
Q

planning of voluntary movement, orientation, and sequential movements are influenced by

A

motor association area

26
Q

responsible for the regulation of fluid balance, eating and reproductive behaviors, fight or flight, and maintaining homeostasis

A

hypothalamus

27
Q

Which subcortical white matter fibers create the corpus callosum?

A

commissural fibers

28
Q

provides the coordination of speech vocalization

A

Broca’s area

29
Q

the inability to understand written or spoken language, including the inability to read and write and produce meaningful language, despite the ability to produce fluent speech sounds

A

Wernicke’s area

30
Q

A lack of this neurotransmitter in the basal nuclei is associated with Parkinson’s disease

A

dopamine

31
Q

A lesion in the cerebral cortex might result in

A

motor deficits
sensory deficits
intellectual impairment
bizarre behavior in thought patterns

32
Q

The peripheral nervous system includes

A

nerves
sensory receptors
spinal ganglia

33
Q

The cell bodies of the neurons that innovate muscles would be found in the ventral horn of the spinal cord. (T or F)

A

False

34
Q

Regions of the nervous tissue are relatively enriched in nerve cell bodies are referred to as gray matter

A

True

35
Q

The area of skin that is supplied by a single spinal nerve is known as the cutaneous nerve

A

False

36
Q

The larger the diameter of an axon the faster it conducts an impulse

A

True

37
Q

All spinal nerves are mixed nerves

A

True

38
Q

Groups of neuron cell bodies located in the brain are referred to as ganglia

A

False

39
Q

Myelinated fiber bundles from the spinal cord connected to skeletal muscles are referred to as motor nerves

A

True

40
Q

The cellular layer where the neurons first appear and differentiate in the developing nervous system is called

A

mantle layer

41
Q

The basal plates of the developing spinal cord form the entire _____ in the adult spinal cord.

A

ventral horn

42
Q

In the adult spinal cord the marginal layer forms the

A

white matter

43
Q

The alar plates form the entire _____ in the adult spinal cord.

A

dorsal horn

44
Q

The word used to describe the length of the developing central nervous system is

A

neuraxis

45
Q

Which of the following is one of the secondary brain vesicles that appears during weeks 6-7 of development?

A

telencephalon

46
Q

The central cavity of the developing neural tube becomes the following structure in the adult

A

brain ventricles

47
Q

the formation and closure of the neural tube is referred to as

A

neuralation

48
Q

Cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system generally occur in clusters called

A

ganglia

49
Q

The cerebrum arises from the

A

prosencephalon

50
Q

Following the differentiation of the embryonic primary brain vesicles, how many secondary brain vesicles result from differentiation?

A

five

BIOL 527 Lecture (Neuromuscular) (8 decks)

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