Exam 1: Periodic Table Flashcards
On the periodic table, what does each column tell us?
The group number (1-18)
On the periodic table, what does each row tell us?
The period (1-7)
What are group 1 elements referred to?
Alkaline metals
What are group 2 elements referred to?
Alkaline earth metals
What are group 17 elements referred to?
Halogens
What are group 18 elements referred to?
Noble gases
Which groups are the main group elements?
Groups: 1, 2, 13-18
Which groups are the transitional elements?
Groups: 3-12
What is the atomic number (Z)?
The number of protons in an element
What is the mass number (A)?
The sum of the number of protons and neutrons
What is the atomic mass (amu)
The average mass of an element is based upon the mass of the isotopes that compose that element
What is the molar mass (g/mol)?
The mass of a given element divided by the amount of the substance
T/F Elements in the same group or period have similar chemical properties
True
When looking at the periodic table, what are the trends (inc./dec.) with atomic size?
Atomic size INCREASES as you move down (group) the periodic table and as you move to the LEFT (period) on the periodic table
Which are smaller, cations or anions?
Cations
What is ionization energy?
The energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion
When looking at the periodic table, what are the trends with ionization energy?
Ionization energy DECREASES as you move down (group) and to the left (period)
Ionization energy INCREASES as you remove more electrons
What is electronegativity?
The ability to attract electrons
When looking at the periodic table, what are the trends with electronegativity?
Electronegativity DECREASES as you move down (group) and to the left (period)
Name the 6 diatomic atoms
H2, N2, O2, Cl2, Br2, I2
Name the 2 polyatomic atoms
P4, S8
