Exam 1: Atomic Theory

Question 1

Who created the law of conservation of mass?

Answer 1

Lavoisier; 1789

Question 2

Who created the law of multiple proportions?

Answer 2

Dalton; 1804

Question 2

Who created the law of definite proportions?

Answer 2

Proust; 1797

Question 3

What is the law of conservation of mass?

Answer 3

Matter is neither created nor destroyed; when a chemical reaction is carried out, the total mass of the substances does not change

Question 4

What is the law of definite proportions?

Answer 4

All samples of a given compound have the same proportions of their constituent elements (regardless of their source or how they were prepared)
Ex: Water will always have 2 Hydrogens and 1 Oxygen

Question 5

What is the law of multiple proportions?

Answer 5

When two elements form two different compounds with similar bonding, the masses of element B that combine with the same amount of element A can be expressed as a ratio of small whole numbers

Question 6

Who created the atomic theory?

Answer 6

John Dalton; 1808

Question 7

What does the atomic theory say?

Answer 7

• Each element is composed of tiny, indestructible particles called atoms
• All atoms of an element have the same mass/other properties that distinguish them from atoms of other elements
• Atoms combine in simple, whole-number ratios to form compounds
• Atoms of one element can’t change into atoms of another
• In chemical reactions, atoms can change the way they are bound together w/ other atoms to form a new substance