Exam 1 - Outline 1 Flashcards
-Components of Scientific Explanations-
__________ :
An observation of nature, data of the world
Facts
-Components of Scientific Explanations-
__________ :
A testable statement accounting for fact or set of facts
Hypotheses
-Components of Scientific Explanations-
__________ :
Supported hypotheses or set of hypotheses
Theory
Science is limited to investigating topics, using our __________
senses
In order for things to be investigated scientifically we need __________ that can be recorded
data
Data can either be __________ (written descriptions) or __________ (numbers)
- qualitative
- quantitative
Data can either be qualitative (__________) or quantitative (__________)
- written descriptions
- numbers
__________ -
a. Consists of observations that describe nature
b. Produces conclusions based on inductive reasoning
-Discovery-Based Science
-Discovery-Based Science-
a. Consists of __________ that describe nature
b. Produces __________ based on inductive reasoning
- observations
- conclusions
-Discovery-Based Science-
a. Consists of observations that describe __________
b. Produces conclusions based on inductive __________
- nature
- reasoning
-Discovery-Based Science-
__________ > allows you to make general conclusions
Many Specific
__________ -
a. Consists of generating hypotheses & predictions that can be verified (or not) by use of experiments
b. Hypothesis/prediction
- –Tentative answer or to a question
c. Produces conclusions based on deductive reasoning
-Hypothesis-Based Science
-Hypothesis-Based Science-
a. Consists of generating hypotheses & predictions that can be verified (or not) by use of __________
b. Hypothesis/prediction
- - __________ answer or to a question
c. Produces conclusions based on __________ reasoning
- experiments
- Tentative
- deductive
-Hypothesis-Based Science-
a. Consists of generating hypotheses & __________ that can be verified (or not) by use of experiments
b. Hypothesis/prediction
- –Tentative answer or to a __________
c. Produces __________ based on deductive reasoning
- predictions
- question
- conclusions
-Hypothesis-Based Science-
Generalizations > Specific __________ >
If… Then logic
-Results
-Hypothesis-Based Science-
–Science cannot __________ anything to be true. It provides support.
Hypotheses must be
-testable
- __________
- prove
- falsifiable
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ : -Color patterns of mice evolved as adaptations to protect mice from predators Prediction: -The mice that don’t match their habitat will more likely get preyed on \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ : -Swap out habitats Results: -How many are eaten/damaged
- Hypothesis
- Experiment
–Hypothesis:
-Color patterns of mice evolved as adaptations to protect mice from predators
__________ :
-The mice that don’t match their habitat will more likely get preyed on
Experiment:
-Swap out habitats
__________ :
-How many are eaten/damaged
- Prediction
- Results
Truth: is what is
-Concerns __________
physical reality
__________ : is what is
-Concerns physical reality
Truth
__________ : what we think we currently know about the truth
-Always imperfect and subject to revision
Knowledge
Knowledge: what we think we currently know about the truth
-Always __________ and subject to __________
- imperfect
- revision
__________ : realizing that truth and knowledge are not necessarily the same thing
Wisdom
__________ : ability to apply wisdom and knowledge to guide our actions (continuing studies)
Understanding
__________ scientists > seeking knowledge
Basic
Basic scientists > __________ knowledge
seeking
__________ scientist > seeking understanding
Applied
Applied scientist > __________ understanding
seeking
-Scientific Method-
Introduction:
- Problem to be __________
- __________ to be answered
- solved
- Question
-Scientific Method-
Method:
-How \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ are made
or
-how experiments are \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
-Must be \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ; eliminates bias and keeps science honest
- observations
- conducted
- repeatable
-Scientific Method-
Results:
- What was seen heard, __________, heard, touched, __________, tasted
- Done objectively and without prejudice
- Take the form of numbers or measurements
- Presented in tables or graphs
- touched
- smelled
-Scientific Method-
Results:
- What was seen heard, touched, heard, touched, smelled, tasted
- Done __________ and without prejudice
- Take the form of __________ or measurements
- Presented in tables or graphs
- objectively
- numbers
-Scientific Method-
Results:
- What was seen heard, touched, heard, touched, smelled, tasted
- Done objectively and without __________
- Take the form of numbers or measurements
- Presented in tables or __________
- prejudice
- graphs
-Scientific Method-
Conclusions:
- Where results of the __________ or experiments are explained
- The scientist’s __________ and must be supported by the data or results
- observations
- opinion
-Scientific Method-
Conclusions:
- Where results of the observations or experiments are __________
- The scientist’s opinion and must be supported by the __________ or results
- explained
- data
Scientific opinion
-Require __________
evidence
