Exam 1 Maternity Flashcards
4 Goals of healthy people 2020
1) attaining high quality longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury and premature death
2) achieving health equity, eliminating disparities, and improving the health of all groups
3) creating social and physical environments that promote good health for all
4) promoting quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages
Healthy people 2020 maternity goals: (4)
Reduce the rate of fetal and infant deaths
reduce the rate of maternal mortality
reduce preterm births
reduce cesarean births among low risk women
Interprofessional collaborative practice competency domains (4)
values/ethics for inter professional practice
roles/responsibilities
interprofessional communication
teams and teamwork
Barriers to access for care
inability to pay (most significant)
lack of transportation and dependent child care
lack of providers for low income women
Abortus
embryo or fetus that is removed from the uterus at 20 weeks of gestation or less, weighs 500g or less or measures 25 cm or less
Birth rate
number of live births in 1 year per 1000 population
Fertility rate
number of births per 1000 women between the ages of 15 and 44 years calculated on a yearly basis
Infant mortality rate
number of deaths of infants younger than 1 year of age per 1000 live births
Maternal mortality rate
number of maternal deaths from births and complications of pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium (first 42 days after end of pregnancy) per 100,000 live births
Neonatal mortality rate
number of deaths of infants younger than 28 days of age per 1000 live births
Perinatal mortality rate
number of stillbirths and the number of neonatal deaths per 1000 live births
stillbirth
an infant who at birth demonstrates no signs of life, such as breathing, heartbeat or voluntary muscle movements
3 major causes of maternal death attributable to pregnancy
hypertensive disorders
infection
hemorrhage
leading cause of death in women
heart disease followed by malignant neoplasms including breast cancer
Outcomes oriented care measures
effectiveness of car against benchmarks or standards
measure of the value of nursing using quality indicators and answers the question “did the client benefit or not benefit from the care provided?”
Standard of care:
level of practice that a reasonably prudent nurse would provide in the same or similar circumstances
Sentinel event and some examples
unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical or psychological injury or risk thereof
any maternal death related to process of birth
any perinatal death unrelated to a congenital condition in an infant having a greater than 2500g
severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (bilirubin greater than 30 mg/dl)
infant discharge to wrong family
TeamSTEPPS:
Team strategies to enhance performance and patient safety developed by the department of defense patient safety program in collaboration with the AHRQ as a teamwork system for health professionals to provide higher quality, safer client care
3 phases of TeamSTEPPS delivery system
assess the need
plan, train and implement the TeamSTEPPS initiative
sustain the improvements in performance, processes and outcomes that result from the initiative
Predictive testing
used to clarify the genetic status of asymptomatic family members
Carrier screening test
used to identify individuals who have a gene mutation for a genetic condition but do not show symptoms of the condition because it is an autosomal recessive condition
Presymptomatic testing
mutation analysis for HD, a neurodegenerative disorder is an example of presymptomatic testing- if the gene mutation for HD is present, symptoms of HD are certain to appear if the individual lives long enough
Example of predispositional testing
testing for a BRCA 1 gene mutation to determine breast cancer susceptibility
Difference between predispositional testing and presymptomatic testing
a positive results (presence of BRCA 1 mutation) does not indicate a 100% risk of developing the condition (breast cancer)
Most common trisomal abnormality
down syndrome
Most common sex chromosome abnormality in females and males
Turner syndrome or monosomy X for females
female is missing an X chromosome - underdeveloped ovaries, webbed neck, low hairline, low ears
Klinefelter syndrome for males
male has an extra X chromosome and exhibits poorly developed secondary sex characteristics and small testes- infertile, tall, slow to learn
Examples of autosomal recessive inherited disorders
PKU
galactosemia
maple syrup urine disease
tay-sachs
sickle cell anemia
CF
Phases of sexual response
Excitement phase
plateau phase
orgasmic phase
resolution phase
Components of preconception care
Health promotion: general teaching
Risk factor assessment
Interventions
Major goals of prenatal care
define health status of the mother and fetus
determine the gestational age of the fetus and monitor fetal development
identify the woman at risk for complications and minimize the risk whenever possible
provide appropriate education and counseling
4 C’s of cultural competence
Call: what do you call your problem?
Cause: what do you think caused your problem?
Cope: how do you cope with your condition?
Concerns: what are your concerns regarding your condition?