Exam 1 - Intro lecture Flashcards

1
Q

6 types of gingival diseases

A
  1. Plaque-induced Gingivitis
  2. Gingival Diseases Modified by Systemic Factors
  3. Gingival Diseases Modified by Medications
  4. Non-Plaque Induced Gingivitis
  5. Gingival lesions of genetic origin
  6. Gingival manifestations of systemic conditions
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2
Q

Two systemic factor associations that may lead to gingival disease modification

A
  1. Endocrine system (Puberty, Pregnancy, Diabetes)

2. Blood Dyscrasias

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3
Q

T or F, In many cases in which gingival diseases are modified by systemic factors, the signs of inflammation are only present when large amounts of bacteria are found in the plaque.

A

False, They are present with relatively little amounts of bacterial plaque (in many of the cases, but not necessarily all).
**Controlling the systemic factors becomes more important than controlling bacterial plaque

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4
Q

Gingival enlargement can be seen in patients using what medications?

A

Phenytoin Sodium (Dilantin)
Cyclosporine
Ca Channel Blockers (Nifedipine)

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5
Q

Name the specific bacterial origins of non-plaque induced gingival disease

A

Neisseria gonorrhea
Treponema pallidum
Streptococcal (B-hemolytic)

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6
Q

Name the two viral origins for non-plaque induced gingival disease

A

Herpes Type I and Type II

Varicella-zoster infections

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7
Q

Name the 3 fungal origins for non-plaque induced gingival disease

A

Candida albicans
Histoplasmosis
Linear gingival erythema

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8
Q

Name the condition generally associated with gingival lesions of genetic origin

A

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis

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9
Q

4 types of gingival manifestations of systemic conditions

A

Mucocutaneous disorders
Allergic reactions
Traumatic lesions
Foreign body reactions

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10
Q

Differentiate between localized and generalized chronic periodontitis

A

Localized (less than or equal to 30% of teeth involved)

Generalized (Greater than 30% of teeth involved)

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11
Q

Aggressive periodontitis is associated with what age group?

A

Adolescence

Up to 30 years of age generally

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12
Q

What bacteria are generally associated with aggressive periodontitis?

A

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Porphyromonas gingivalis

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13
Q

Describe the differences between Localized Aggressive Periodontitis and Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis

A

Localized:

  • patient exhibits a strong serum antibody response to the infecting agents.
  • Excellent prognosis!! It can be cured

Generalized:

  • Patient exhibits a poor antibody response to infecting agents.
  • Patients do not respond well to conventional periodontal therapy.
  • Use of systemic antibiotics should be considered to help control disease.
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14
Q

What genetic disorders may result in periodontitis for the patient

A
Familial and Cyclic Neutropenia
Down Syndrome
Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Syndrome
Papillon-Lefvre Syndrome
Chediak-Higashi Syndrome
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15
Q

Which periodontal diseases are stress induced?

A

NUG

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16
Q

A cracked or fractured root might be a good example of what kind of abscess?

A

Periodontal abscess

17
Q

4 localized tooth-related factors that modify or predispose to plaque-induced gingival disease/periodontitis

A
  1. Tooth anatomic factors
  2. Dental Restorations & Appliances
  3. Root Fracture
  4. Cervical Root Resorption
18
Q

5 mucogingival deformities

A
Gingival/Soft tissue recession
Lack of keratinized gingiva
Decreased Vestibular depth
Aberrant Frenum/Muscle attachment
Gingival excess
19
Q

4 components of the periodontium

A

Gingiva
Periodontal Ligament
Cementum
Alveolar Bone proper

20
Q

Clinical color of gingiva

A
Coral pink
Melanin pigmentation (Variable)
21
Q

Difference between anterior and posterior gingiva

A

Anterior: Distinctly Pyramidal
Posterior: Slightly Pyramidal

Scalloped outline

22
Q

Describe the texture of Gingiva

A

Stippling (variable presence)

23
Q

Variables that impact probing depth

A
Inflammation
Probe Diameter
Tapered vs. Parallel
Force (0.15 N to 0.75 N)
Band width (0.7 mm to 1.0 mm)
24
Q

Range of probing depth for normal/healthy periodontium

25
Furcation probes can also be called what?
Nabors
26
Furcation probes indicate what?
Horizontal depth
27
When BOP is positive, what does this mean clinically?
Active disease Presence of microbial Biofilm/plaque Ulcerative sulcus/Pocket Epithelium
28
What constitutes the biological width and what is it's value in mm?
Junctional epithelium + Connective Tissue Attachment 2 mm
29
Average width of the PDL is how many mm?
0.17 mm
30
Tooth mobility classifications:
``` Class I (>0.2 mm but 1mm) Class III ( > 1mm + Axial displacement) ```