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Periodontics > Exam 1 - Acute Perio > Flashcards

Exam 1 - Acute Perio Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 5 Acute Periodontal diseases

A
  1. Acute Pericoronitis
  2. Acute Herpetic Gingivostomatitis
  3. Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis
  4. Acute Periodontal Abscess
  5. Acute Gingival Abscess
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2
Q

Most common symptoms of acute periodontal disease in order of decreasing frequency

A
  1. Pain (Radiates to the ear, throat and floor of mouth)
  2. Swelling and Edema (suppurating lesion that is tender)(swelling of cheek in angle of jaw)
  3. Lymphadenopathy
  4. Fever
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3
Q

Define Acute Pericoronitis

A

Inflammation of the gingiva in relation to the crown of an incompletely erupted tooth, usually the mandibular 3rd molar area

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4
Q

3 main focus areas of treatment for Acute Pericoronitis

A
  1. Control Infection
  2. Control inflammation
  3. Control pain
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5
Q

name the 4 specific treatment methods in treating Acute Pericoronitis

A
  1. Irrigation with H2O2 and/or CHX
  2. Systemic antibiotics
  3. Extraction of maxillary 3rd molar
  4. Surgical removal of pericoronal tissue
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6
Q

Define NUG

A

Microbial disease of the gingiva in the context of an impaired host response. It is characterized by the necrosis and sloughing of gingival tissue.
** Does not include Clinical attachment loss or alveolar bone loss

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7
Q

Age of onset for NUG

A

Generally between 15 and 30 years.

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8
Q

General characteristics of NUG (e.g. able to be passed? onset characteristics of patient. Etc.)

A
  1. Not contagious
  2. Relationship between onset of disease and level of stress & anxiety
  3. Smoking also commonly associated
  4. Can occur in clean mouth but less severe
  5. Patients generally exhibit localized defect in neutrophil chemotaxis, macrophage chemotaxis and/or phagocytic functions
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9
Q

7 treatment and management strategies for NUG

A
  1. Smoking cessation, adequate nutrition and sleep
  2. Stress control
  3. Systemic antibiotics
  4. Oral rinsing with CHX
  5. Multiple sessions of debridement with ultrasonic or sonic scaler
  6. Scaling and root planing or scaling and polishing
  7. Surgery may be indicated if residual soft tissue deformities inhibit proper OH.
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10
Q

Patients with NUG respond well to what two types of treatment

A

Responds to systemic antibiotic therapy

Responds to debridement

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11
Q

Two systemic antibiotics used to treat NUG

A

Amoxicillin

Metronidazole

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12
Q

Describe the clinical signs, symptoms and presentation of a patient with NUG (8)

A
  1. Pain, extremely sensitive to touch
  2. Sudden onset
  3. Necrosis and catering of gingival papillae
  4. Pseudomembrane formation with linear erythema
  5. BOP
  6. Foul breath odor and increased salivation
  7. Lymphadenopathy
  8. Elevated temperature
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13
Q

Name the 4 microscopic zones in a NUG lesion from surface to lamina propria

A
  1. Bacterial zone
  2. Neutrophil rich zone
  3. Zone of necrosis
  4. Zone of Spirochete infiltration
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14
Q

How do you diagnose NUG

A

Based on clinical findings of gingival pain, ulceration and bleeding.
- Not with bacterial smear or microscopic examination of a biopsy

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15
Q

Define an Acute Periodontal Abscess

A

Localized purulent inflammation in the periodontal tissues. Also known as a lateral abscess or a parietal abscess

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16
Q

Sequence of events leading to abscess formation

A
  1. Occlusion of existing periodontal pocket
  2. Bacterial invasion of soft tissue wall
  3. Leukocytic infiltration (neutrophils)
  4. Vascular thrombosis
  5. Edema and swelling
  6. Tissue necrosis & liquefaction
  7. Collagenolysis & bone resorption
  8. Production of purulent exudate
17
Q

Describe the microbiology of Acute periodontal abscesses

A

65% of microbial flora is Gram-negative and anaerobic

  • P. gingivalis & P. intermedia
  • Bacteria that produce proteinases because they increase availability of nutrients, and thereby increase the number of bacteria within the abscess environment
18
Q

4 factors required for acute periodontal abscess

A
  1. Periodontal pocket
  2. Blockage of periodontal pocket
  3. Presence of sub gingival plaque
  4. Presence of plaque microbes that exhibit multiple virulence factors
19
Q

Treatment for Acute Periodontal Abscess

A
  1. Establish drainage
  2. Systemic or local delivery antibiotics
  3. Scale and root planing
  4. Surgery, if indicated
20
Q

Clinical signs of Acute GINGIVAL Abscess

A
  1. Localized
  2. Painful
  3. Rapidly expanding
  4. Limited to marginal gingiva or gingival papillae
  5. Adjacent teeth may be painful to percussion
  6. Etiology is generally impaction of a foreign body and associated bacteria carried into tissue.

Periodontics (10 decks)

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