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Spinal > Exam 1-General Organization of a Vertebra > Flashcards

Exam 1-General Organization of a Vertebra Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three basic osseous parts of a vertebra?

A

the vertebral body, vertebral arch, and the apophyseal regions

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2
Q

What is the general shape of the vertebral body at each region of the spine?

A

cervical-rectangular; thoracic-trianglular; lumbar-reniform

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3
Q

What is the name given to the compact bone at the superior and inferior surfaces of the vertebral body?

A

superior epiphyeal rim, inferior epiphyseal rim

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4
Q

What is the name given to the cartilage found at the superior and inferior surface of the developing vertbral body?

A

superior epiphyseal plate and inferior epiphyseal plate

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5
Q

What are the names of the openings found around the margins of the vertebral body?

A

nutrient foramina or vascular foramina

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6
Q

What large opening is usually observed at the back of the vertebral body?

A

the basivertebral venous foramen

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7
Q

What is the name given to the anterior part of the vertebral arch?

A

the pedicle

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8
Q

What is the name given to the feature located at rhe upper and lower surfaces of the pedicle?

A

the superior vertbral notch or superior vertebral incisure; the inferior vertebral notch or inferior vertebral incisure

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9
Q

What is the generic orientation of the pedicle at each region of the spine?

A

cervical-posterolateral
thoracic- posterior, slight lateral
lumbar- posterior

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10
Q

All lamina are orientated in waht direction?

A

posterior and median

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11
Q

What ligament will attach to the lamina?

A

the ligamentum flavum

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12
Q

What is the name given to abnormal bone at the attachment site of the ligamentum flavum?

A

para-articular process

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13
Q

What classification of bone will para-articular processes represent?

A

accessory bone

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14
Q

What is the name given to the overlap of laminae seen on X-ray

A

shingling

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15
Q

What is the name given to the lamina-pedicle junction at each region of the spine?

A

cervical-articular pillar; thoracic and lumbar - pars interarticularis

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16
Q

What is the name given to the junction of the vertebral arch-spinous on lateral x-ray?

A

the spinolaminar junction

17
Q

What is the name given to the tubular bone growth regions of the vertebral arch?

A

the apophyseal regions

18
Q

What names may be given to each apophysis of the spine?

A

the transverse apophysis or transverse process; articular apophysis or articular process; spinous apophysis orspinous process

19
Q

What is the generic orientation of the transverse process or transverse apophysis at each region of the spine?

A

cervical-anterolateral; thoracic-posterolateral; lumbar-lateral

20
Q

All non-rib-bearing vertebra of the spine retain what equivalent feature?

A

the costal element

21
Q

What is the name given to the rounded elevation at the end of the transverse apophysis or transverse process?

A

the transverse tubercle

22
Q

What will cause the transverse process/transverse apophysis to alter its initial direction in the cervical region?

A

cervical spinal nerves are pulled forward to form the cervicaland brachial nerve plexuses thus remodeling the transverse process to accommodate their new position

23
Q

What will cause the transverse process/transverse apophysis to alter its initial direction in the thoracic region?

A

the growth of the lungs remodel the shape of the ribs which in turn push the transverse processes backward.

24
Q

What will the articular process/articularapophysis support?

A

the articular facet

25
Q

What is the name given to the joint formed between articular facets of a vertebral couple?

A

the zygapophysis

26
Q

What is the name given to the bone surface at the front of a zygapophysis?

A

the superior articular facet

27
Q

What is the name given to the bone surface at the back of a zygapophysis?

A

the inferior articular facet

28
Q

What names are given to the part of the vertebra which supports the front of the zygapophysis?

A

the superior articular apophysis, the superior artiuclar process, or the pre-zygapophysis

29
Q

What are the name given to the part of the vertebra which supports the back of the zygapophysis?

A

the inferior articular apophysis, the inferior articular process, or the post-zygapophysis

30
Q

What is the name given to the part of the vertebra forming the pre-zygapophysis?

A

the superior articular preocces or superior articular apophysis

31
Q

What is the name given to the part of the vertebra forming the post-zygapophysis?

A

the inferior articular process or inferior articular apophysis

32
Q

What will form the postertior boundary of a typical intervertebral foramen?

A

the inferior articular process/post-zygapophysis, the superior articular process/pre-zygapophysis, the capsular ligament, and the ligamentum flavum

33
Q

What will form the superior boundary of a typical intervertebral foramen?

A

the inferior vertebral notch or inferior vertebral incisure

34
Q

What will form the inferior boundary of a typical intervertebral foramen?

A

the superior vertebral notch or superior vertebral incisure

35
Q

What will form the anterior boundary of a typical intervertebral foramen?

A

the vertebral body of the segment above, the vertebral body of the segment below, the intervertebral disc, and posterior longitudinal ligament

36
Q

What is the method of calculating the angle of the spinous process/spinous apophysis?

A

calculate the angle formed between the undersurface of the spinous process/spinous apophysis and the horizontal plane

37
Q

What is the name given to the overlap of spinous processes or spinous apophyses as seen on X-ray?

A

imbrication

38
Q

What is the name given to the rounded elevation at the tip of the spinous process/spinous apophysis?

A

the spinous tubercle

39
Q

The orientatiuon of the spinous process/spinous apophysis at each region of the spine?

A

cervical-slight angle inferiorly
thoracic-noticeable angle inferiorly
lumbar-no inferior angle

Spinal (19 decks)

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