Exam 1-Cervical Region

Question 1

Which mammals have more than seven cervical vertebra?

Answer 1

ant bear, 3-toed sloth

Question 2

Which mammals have less than seven cervical vertebra?

Answer 2

2-toed sloth and manatee

Question 3

Whcih vertebra are typical cervicals?

Answer 3

C3-C6

Question 4

Whuch vertebra are atypical vertebra?

Answer 4

C1, C2, C7

Question 5

What is the shape of the typical cervical vertebra body from the cranial view?

Answer 5

rectangular

Question 6

What is the apperacnce of the typical cervical vertebral body from the lateral view?

Answer 6

posterior height is greater than anterior height by a few millimeters

Question 7

What would be the direction of the cervical curve based on osseous features?

Answer 7

posterior or kypohotic

Question 8

What accounts for the direction of the typical cervical curve?

Answer 8

the intervertebral disc height

Question 9

What is the direction of the typical cervical curve?

Answer 9

anterior or lordotic

Question 10

At which vertebral couple will the cervical curve again increase intervertebral disc height?

Answer 10

C5/C6

Question 11

What is the effect of againg on the cervical vertebral body?

Answer 11

it diminishes the overall height of the vertebral body

Question 12

What are the modifications of the superior epiphyseal rim of a typical cervical?

Answer 12

anterior groove, posterior groove, and right and left uncincate processes

Question 13

What are the names of the alteral modificiation of the superior epiphyseal rim?

Answer 13

uncinate process, unciform process, uncovertebral process, uncus or lateral lip

Question 14

At what developmental age will the uncinate process first be observed?

Answer 14

3rd-4th fetal month

Question 15

What are the modifications of the inferior epiphyseal rim of a typical cervical?

Answer 15

anterior lip, posterior lip, and right and left lateral grooves

Question 16

What is the joint classificaiton for the anterior lip-anterior groove articulation?

Answer 16

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis

Question 17

What is the joint classification for the uncinate process-lateral groove articulation?

Answer 17

modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar)

Question 18

List, in order, the osseous parts of the typical cervical vertebra transverse process beginning at the vertebral body

Answer 18

costal element, anterior tubercle, costotransverse bar, posterior tubercle, true transverse process

Question 19

what muscles will attach to the anterior tubercle of a typical cervical vertebra?

Answer 19

anterior scalene, longus capitis, longus colli, anterior intetransversarii

Question 20

What muscles may attach to the posterior tubercle of a typical cervical vertebra?

Answer 20

splenius capitis, ilicostalis cervicis, longissimus cervicis, levator scapula, middle scalene, posteior scalene, rotates, and posteior intertransversarii

Question 21

What muscles will attachto the costotransverse bar?

Answer 21

middle scalene and posterior intertransversarii

Question 22

What is the name given to the collective rib-forming region?

Answer 22

the pleurapophysis

Question 23

What is the name given to the superior margin of the costotransverse bar?

Answer 23

sulcus for the ventral primary ramus of a cervical spinal nerve

Question 24

What is the orientation and angulation of a typical cervical transverse process?

Answer 24

60 degress anterolaterally (from midsagittal plane), 15 degress inferiorly (from the horizontal plane)

Question 25

What is the name given to the modification of the anterior tubercle of the C6 transverse process?

Answer 25

the carotid tubercle

Question 26

What will cause remodeling of the anterior tubercle at C6?

Answer 26

the commone carotid artery

Question 27

What will occupy the typical cervical vertebra transverse foramen?

Answer 27

the vertebral artery, vertebral venous plexus and postganglionic sympathetic motor nerve fibers

Question 28

What is the name of the surface feature observed between the ends of the articular pillar?

Answer 28

the groove/sulcus for the dorsal ramus of a cervical spinal nerve

Question 29

What is the classic angulation of typical cervical vertebra?

Answer 29

40-45 degress from the coronal plane

Question 30

Recent work suggests what angulation for a typical cervical articular facet?

Answer 30

55-60 degrees

Question 31

What is the orientation of the typical cervical superior articular facet?

Answer 31

backward, upward, and medial (BUM)

Question 32

What is the orientation of the typical cervical inferior articular facet?

Answer 32

forward, lateral and downward (FoLD)

Question 33

What muscles will attach to typical cervical articular processes?

Answer 33

longissumis capitis, longissimus cervicis, semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, multifidus, and rotators

Question 34

What muscles blend with the capsular ligament of cervical zygapophyses?

Answer 34

the semispinalis capitis, multifidus, and rotator longus

Question 35

The greatest range of flexion-extensionamong the typical cervical vertebrae occurs at which vertebral couple?

Answer 35

typically C5/6

Question 36

What motions are coupled in the cervical spine?

Answer 36

lateral bending and axial rotation

Question 37

Ranges of coupled motion among the typical cervical vertebrae will be similar for what cervical vertbral couples?

Answer 37

the C2/3, C3/4, C4/5 vertebral couples

Question 38

Ranges of coupled motion among the typical cervical vertebrae will begin to decrease at what cervical vertebral couple?

Answer 38

the C5/6 vertebral couple

Question 39

What is the usual condition for the Caucasion typical cervical spinous process?

Answer 39

they are bifid

Question 40

What is the usual condition for the African-American typical cervical spinous process?

Answer 40

they are non-bifid

Question 41

What muscles may attach to the typical cervical spinous process?

Answer 41

the spinalis cervicis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidus, rotators, and interspinalis

Question 42

What forms the unique anterior boundary of the intervertebral foreamen for the C4 spinal nerve?

Answer 42

the lateral groove of C3 and uncinate process of C4 forming the joint of Luschka