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Nurse 154 Nursing Fundamentals > Exam 1 Extra > Flashcards

Exam 1 Extra Flashcards

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1
Q

Frightening dreams that awaken the child

A

Nightmares

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2
Q

T or F

Swimming classes protect a toddler from drowning?

A

False

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3
Q

Topics pertinent at health supervision visits of young children include ____ patterns and Discipline techniques

A

Sleep

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4
Q

For children 2-5 a ___ sized amount of tooth paste is reccomended

A

Pea

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5
Q

Children are not ready for ___ training until they are able to stand and walk, pull pants up and down, and recognize the need to use the restroom as well as have the ability to wait until they are in the bathroom

A

Toilet

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6
Q

When a hospitalized child returns to an earlier behavior this is called _____

A

Regression

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7
Q

____stages describe breast development

A

Tannar

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8
Q

Dental problems can influence_____

A

Speech

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9
Q

An increase in physical size

A

Growth

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10
Q

Teenagers should be given information on how to prevent___

A

AIDS/STI’s

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11
Q

____ Theorized that an infant obtains pleasure and comfort through the mouth

A

Freud

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12
Q

A concept learned during school-age years, ______ means that matter is not changed when its form is altered

A

Conservation

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13
Q

Poor ____ nutrition can lead to low infant birth weight

A

Maternal

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14
Q

Night ____ are characterized by a child who cries out, appears frightened, has tachycardia, and is not fully awake

A

Terrors

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15
Q

Inborn characteristics of ____ may be noticed as individual differences in behavior

A

Temperament

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16
Q

This Theorist noted that a toddler in the “ autonomy vs shame and doubt” stage should b increasingly independent in many areas of life.

A

Erikson

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17
Q

Protect children with ____ while outside

A

Sunscreen

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18
Q

Some cultures calculate ____ from the time of conception

A

Age

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19
Q

Pre-existing knowledge is altered to fit new information

A

Accommodation

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20
Q

____ guidance related to development is a major component of health promotion

A

Anticipatory

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21
Q

What is Primary prevention?

A

Intervening before health effects occur.

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22
Q

What are some examples of primary prevention?

A

Vaccinations, Altering risky behavior, Banning substances know to cause disease

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23
Q

What is secondary prevention?

A

Screening to identify diseased in the earliest stages, Before the onset of signs and symptoms

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24
Q

What are some examples of Secondary prevention?

A

Mammography, Routine prostate exams, BP monitoring

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25
Q

What is tertiary prevention?

A

Managing a disease post diagnosis

26
Q

What are some examples of tertiary prevention?

A

Dialysis, Chemo, rehab

27
Q

According to Freud, what stage is a child in at age 0-1 years? what are the nursing applications of this?

A
  • Oral

- Comfort the child with a pacifier, bottle, or breastfeeding

28
Q

According to Freud, what stage is a child in at age 1-3 years? what are the nursing applications of this?

A
  • Anal
  • Ask about toilet training
  • allow potty use in hospital settings
  • don’t begin potty training when child is ill or in hospital
29
Q

According to Freud, what stage is a child in at age 3-6 years? what are the nursing applications of this?

A
  • Phallic
  • Child may be more comfortable with one sex in particular. Accommodate if possible
  • encourage parental involvement in care
  • plan for playtime and offer variety
30
Q

According to Freud, what stage is a child in at age 6-12 years? what are the nursing applications of this?

A
  • Latency
  • Provide privacy gowns
  • Knock before entering room
  • explain treatments to patient
31
Q

According to Freud, what stage is a child in at age 12-18 years? what are the nursing applications of this?

A
  • Genital stage
  • Ensure access to gyno and testicular care
  • educate on sexuality
  • ensure privacy
32
Q

What are the characteristics of Freud’s Oral stage?

A

Baby contains pleasure and comfort through the mouth

33
Q

What are the characteristics of Freud’s anal stage?

A

Child derives gratification from control over body excretions

34
Q

What are the characteristics of Freud’s phallic stage?

A
  • Begins identifying with parent of opposite sex

- ends stage identifying with parent of same sex?

35
Q

What are the characteristics of Freud’s latency stage?

A

Child places importance on privacy and understanding the body

36
Q

What are the characteristics of Freud’s genital stage?

A

The adolescent’s focus is on genital function

37
Q

According to Erikson, what stage is a child in that is age 0-1 years? What are the nursing applications of this stage

A

Trust vs Mistrust

  • Hold the baby often
  • Offer comfort after painful procedures
  • Manage pain
  • Encourage parents to “room in”
38
Q

According to Erikson, what stage is a child in that is age 1-3 years? What are the nursing applications of this stage

A

Autonomy vs Shame and doubt

  • Allow self feeding
  • Allow self dressing and grooming
  • if immobilizing, do it quick with lots of communication
39
Q

According to Erikson, what stage is a child in that is age 3-6 years? What are the nursing applications of this stage

A

Initiative vs guilt

  • Offer medical equipment for the child to play with
  • Assess child’s drawings for sings of distress
  • Accept child’s choices and expressions of feelings
40
Q

According to Erikson, what stage is a child in that is age 6-12 years? What are the nursing applications of this stage

A

industry vs inferiority

  • Encourage child to continue school work
  • encourage child to bring fav. pastimes
  • Help child adjust to limitations
41
Q

According to Erikson, what stage is a child in that is age 12-18 years? What are the nursing applications of this stage

A

Identity vs role confusion

  • Separate rec room for teens
  • Do exams and health history without parents
  • have them meet other children with same health problems
42
Q

What are the Characteristics of Erikson’s Trust vs Mistrust stage?

A

Baby establishes sense of trust when basic needs are met

43
Q

What are the Characteristics of Erikson’s Autonomy va shame and doubt stage?

A

Child becomes increasingly independent

44
Q

What are the Characteristics of Erikson’s initiative vs guild stage?

A

The child likes to initiate play

45
Q

What are the Characteristics of Erikson’s industry vs inferiority stage?

A

Child gains sense of self worth from involvement in activities

46
Q

What are the Characteristics of Erikson’s identity vs role confusion stage?

A

Adolescent’s search for self identity leads to independence from parents and reliance on peers

47
Q

According to Piaget, what stage is a child in at 0-1 years. What are the nursing applications of this?

A

Sensorimotor

  • Use toys and wall art to provide stimuli and comfort
  • Use toys to distract child during procedures and assessments
48
Q

According to Piaget, what stage is a child in at 1-3 years. What are the nursing applications of this?

A

End of sensorimotor stage beginning of preoperational stage

  • Ensure safe surroundings
  • offer opportunities to manipulate objects
  • Name objects and give explanations
49
Q

According to Piaget, what stage is a child in at 3-6 years. What are the nursing applications of this?

A

Preoperational

  • Explain all procedures clearly
  • Ensure the child know that the child is not responsible for causing the illness
50
Q

According to Piaget, what stage is a child in at 2-12 years. What are the nursing applications of this?

A

Concrete operational stage

  • Give clear instructions about details of treatments
  • Show the equipment to be used in treatment
51
Q

According to Piaget, what stage is a child in at 12-18years. What are the nursing applications of this?

A

concrete operational

  • Offer clear complete information
  • Offer both written and verbal instructions
  • continue to offer education to adolescent with chronic illnesses
52
Q

What are the characteristics of Piaget’s sensorimotor stage?

A

Baby learns from moment and sensory input

53
Q

What are the characteristics of Piaget’s end of sensorimotor/beginning of preoperational stage?

A

Child shows increased curiosity and exploration

-language improves

54
Q

What are the characteristics of Piaget’s preoperational stage?

A
  • Increasingly verbal
  • some limitations in thought process
  • Causality is confused
55
Q

What are the characteristics of Piaget’s concrete operational stage?

A

Child capable of mature thought when allowed to manipulate and see objects

56
Q

What are the characteristics of Piaget’s formal operational stage?

A

Adolescent is capable of mature abstract thought

57
Q

What are the physical growth milestones for an infant aged 0-1 month?

A
  • Gains 5-7 oz a week
  • grows .5 in in first month
  • Head circumference increases .5 in /month
58
Q

What are the physical growth milestones for an infant aged 2-4 months?

A
  • Gains 5-7 oz a week
  • grows .5 in/month
  • Head circumference increases .5 in a month
  • Posterior fontanelle closes
  • ingests 120mL/KG/24 hr (2oz/lb/24 hr
59
Q

What are the physical growth milestones for an infant aged 4-6 months?

A

-gains 5-7 oz/week
-Birth weight doubled by 6-5 months
-Grows .5 in a month
-Head circumference increases by .5 in a month
-Teeth begin to erupt at 6 months
ingests 100mL/kg/24 hr (1.5 oz/lb/24hr)

60
Q

What are the physical growth milestones for an infant aged 6-8 months?

A
  • 3 to 5 oz a week
  • 3/8 of an inch a month
  • Growth rate begins to slow
61
Q

What are the physical growth milestones for an infant aged 8-10 months?

A
  • 3 to 5 oz a week

- 3/8 of inch a month

62
Q

What are the physical growth milestones for an infant aged 10-12 months?

A
  • 3 to 5 oz a month
  • 3/8 of an inch a month
  • Head circumference = Chest circumference
  • Birth weight tripled by 12 months

Nurse 154 Nursing Fundamentals (10 decks)

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