Exam 1 Drugs Flashcards by Shikeba Mehmood

Direct-acting cholinergic agonists

Acetylcholine
Bethanechol
Carbachol
Methacholine
Pilocarpine
Nicotine

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AChE inhibitors-Cholinergic agonists

Physostigmine
Pyridostigmine 
Edrophonium
Neostigmine
Echothiophate 
Malathion
Parathion
Tarun
Sarin
Soman
Donepezil
Rivastigmine
Galantamine

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Reactivator of AChE

Pralidoxime

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Muscarinic Antagonist - Cholinergic antagonists

Atropine
Scopolamine
Ipratropium 
Tiotropium
Homatropine
Tropicamide - causes mydriasis and        
                         cycloplegia 
Benzotropine 
Trihexyphenidyl
Glycopyrrolate
Tolterodine

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Ganglion blockers - cholinergic antagonists

Hexamethonium

Mecamylamine

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Neuromuscular blockers - cholinergic antagonists

Tubocurarine - nondepolarizing (ie: receptor antagonist)
Succinylcholine - depolarizing (ie: receptor agonist)

Tubocurarine

Succinylcholine

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Drugs that act presynaptically- Muscarinic antagonists

Hemicholinium
Vesamicol
Botulinum Toxin

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Endogenous catecholamines

Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Dopamine

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D1 Agonists

Fenildopam

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Beta-agonists

Isoproteronol

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Beta1-agonists - direct

Dobutamine

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Beta2-agonists - direct

Formoterol
Albuterol
Sameterol
Terbutaline

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Alpha1-agonists - direct

Phenylephrine

Causes mydriasis but not cycloplegia

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Alpha2-agonists - direct

Clonidine
Methyldopa
Brimonidine

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Indirect acting adrenergic agonists

Tyramine
Amphetamine
Methylphenidate
Cocaine
Atomoxetine
Modafinil

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Mixed acting adrenergic agonists

Ephedrine

Pseudoephedrine

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Alpha-antagonists

Phenoxibenzamine

Phentolamine

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Alpha1-antagonists

Prazosin
Terazodin
Doxazosin
Tamsulosin

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Alpha2-antagonists

Yohimbine

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Beta-antagonists

Propranolol
Nadolol
Timolol

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Beta1-antagonists

Atenolol
Metoprolol
Demolition

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Alpha1 and Beta2-antagonists

Labetalol

Carvedilol

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Partial agonists

Pindolol

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Drugs used in Glaucoma

Pilocarpine (direct acting cholinergic agonist)

Carbachol (direct acting cholinergic agonist)

Echothiophate (Indirect acting cholinergic agonist - AChE inhibitor)

Brimonidine

Aproclinidine

Timolol (beta-antagonist)

Acetozolamide

Dorzolamide

Latanoprost

Glycerol Isosorbide

Mannitol (osmotic diuretic)

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Histamine agonist

Histamine

Histamine antagonist - physiological

Epinephrine

Histamine antagonist - release inhibitors

Cromolyn | Nedocromil

H1 antagonists

``` Chlorpheniramine Cyclizine Dimenhydrinate Diphenhydramine Hydroxyzine Meclizine Promethazine Fexofenadine Loratadine Cetirizine ```

H2 antagonists

Cimetidine Ranitidine Famotidine Nizatidine

Serotonin agonists

Serotonin Sumatriptan Metoclopramide Cisapride

Serotonin Antagonists - Ergot alkaloids

``` Cyproheptadine Ondanesterone Ergotamine Dihydroergotamine Bromocriptine Cabergoline Ergonovine Methylergonovine ```

Eicosinoids

``` Dinoprostone (PGE2) Misoprostol (PGE1 derivative) Alprostadil (PGE1) Prostacyclin (PGI1) Epoprostenol (PGI2) Latanoprost (PGF2alpha) ```

Eicosanoid antagonists

Zileuton Zafirlukast Montelukast

Thiazide diuretics

Hydrchlorothiazide Chlorthalidone Metolazone

Loop diuretic

Furosemide

K+ sparing diuretics

Spironolactone Eplerenone Amiloride Triamterene

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor

Acetozolamide

Osmotic diuretic

Mannitol

ADH Antagonists - Diuretic

Conivaptan

ACE Inhibitors - AntiHTNs

Captopril Enalapril Lisinopril

Renin Inhibitor - Antihypertensive

Aliskiren

Angiotensin II Receptor Blockets

Losartan | Valsartan

Calcium channel blockers

``` Amlodapine Diltiazem Nifedipine Verapamil Nicardipine ```

Centrally acting adrenergic drugs

Clonidine | Methyldopa

Vasodilators - AntiHTNs

Hydralazine (pregnant women w/ eclampsia) | Minoxidil (severe ____ and alopecia androgenetica in males and females)

Drugs for Hypertensive emergencies

``` Nitroglycerin Sodium nitroprusside Hydralazine Esmolol Fenoldopam Labetolol Nicardipine Diazoxide ```

Drugs for Pulmonary HTN

Sildenafil (also used as antiangina) Epoprostenol Bosentan

CHF drugs

ACE inhibitors/ARBs Beta blockers Diuretics: Loop (furosemide) Aldosterone Antagonists (Spironolactone, Eplerenone) Direct Vasodilators (hydralazine, nitrates) Inotropic agents: Inamrinone, digoxin, dopamine, dobutamine, glucagon, milrinone)

Class Ia Antiarrhythmics - Na+ channel blockers

Disopyramide Procainamide Quinidine

Class II Antiarrythmics: Beta blockets

Propranolol Metoprolol Esmolol

Class III Antiarrythmics: K+ channel blockers

Amiodarone Dofetilide Sotalol

Class IV Antiarrythmics: Ca2+ channel blockers Nondihydropyrimidines (have negative ionotropic and chronotropic effects)

Verapamil | Diltiazem

Miscellaneous Antiarrythmics

Adenosine Atropine Magnesium Digoxin

Anticoagulants

Heparin | Warfarin

Organic Nitrates - Antianginals

Nitroglycerin Sodium Nitroprusside Isosorbide dinitrate Isosorbide mononitrate

Beta blockers for Antiangina

Atenolol Metoprolol Propanolol

Ca2+- channel blockers for antiangina

Amlodipine Nifedipine Diltiazem Verapamil

Anti platelet Angent

Aspirin

Sodium channel Blockers for antiangina

Ranolazine

Platelet aggregation inhibitors

``` Aspirin Clopidagril Ticlopidine Dipyridamole Cilostazol Abciximab Eprifibatide Tirifiban ```

Anticoagulants

``` HePARIN EnoxaPARIN DaltePARIN TinzaPARIN FondaPARINux LePIRudIN BivalirudIN Argatroban Dabigtran ApiXaban RivaroXaban WarfarIN ```

Thrombolytics

``` Streptokinase Urokinase Alteplase Reteplase Tenecteplase ```

Drugs used to treat bleeding

Vitamin K Plasma fractions Profaning dulfate Aminocaproic acid

Iron preparations - Anemia

Ferrous salts Iron dextran Iron sucrose Sodium ferric gluconate complex

Iron chelators

Deferoxamine | Deferasirox

Vitamins used to treat Macrocytic anemia

Vit B12 | Folic acid

Hematopoietic growth factors

``` Erythropoietin IL-11 Darbepoetin Sargramostim Filgrastim ```

Agents used to treat sickle cell disease

Hydroxyurea

HMG-CoA Inhibitors

``` AtorvaSTATIN SimvaSTATIN LovaSTATIN FluvaSTATIN PravaSTATIN RosuvaSTATIN ```

Fibrate derivatives - Antihyperlipidemics

Gemfibrozil | Fenofibrate

Anti hyperlipidemia

Niacin

Bile acid binding resins

Cholestyramine Colestipol Colesevelam

Cholesterol absorption inhibitors

Ezetimibe

w-3 fatty acids - reduce TG biosynthesis and increase fatty acid oxidation in the liver

EPA DHA Lovaza

Adrenergic agonists for respiration

``` Albuterol Pirbuterol Terbutaline Salmeterol Formoterol ```

Methylxanthines

Theophylline | Aminophylline

Muscarinic antagonists for respiration

Ipratropium | Tiotropium

Histamine release inhibitors for respiration

Cromolyn | Nedocromil

Corticosteroids

``` Beclomethasone Dexamethasone Fluticasone Budesonide Flunisolide Prednisolone ```

Leukotriene antagonists

Zileuton Zafirlukast Montelukast

Antibodies for respiration

Omalizumab

Opioids for respiration

Codeine | Dextrometorphan

Mucolytic agents for respiration

N-acetylcysteine

H1 antagonists for respiration

``` Diphenhydramine Chlorpheniramine Loratadine Fexofenadine Cetirizine ```

Cyproheptadine

useful in serotonin syndrome

Ondansetrone

Anti-emetic Serotonin antagonist Ergot alkaloid Acts on a ligand gated ion channel receptor