Exam 1: Cranial Nerves; Classification, function, and brainstem nuclei from table 12.3 and 12.4 of brainstem1 lecture (I will add 12.5 later, but ready to use now)

Question 1

For the neurons classified as Somatic motor (GSE):

1) Know the function
2) brainstem nuclei (and cranial nerves)

Answer 1

For the neurons classified as Somatic motor (GSE):

1) Extraocular muscles, intrinsic tongue muscles
2) Oculomotor (III), trochlear (IV), abducens (VI), hypoglossal (XII)

Question 2

For the neurons classified as Branchial motor (SVE):

1) Know the function
2) brainstem nuclei (and cranial nerves)

Answer 2

For the neurons classified as Branchial motor (SVE):

1) Muscles of mastication, facial expression, middle ear, pharynx, larynx, sternomastiod, upper portion of trapezius
2) Motor nucleus of CN V (V), facial nucleus (VII), nucleus ambiguus (IX, X), accessory spinal nucleus (XI)

Question 3

For the neurons classified as Parasympathetic motor (GVE):

1) Know the function
2) brainstem nuclei (and cranial nerves)

Answer 3

For the neurons classified as Parasympathetic motor (GVE):

1) Parasympathetic innervation of head and thoracoabdominal viscera above splenic flexure
2) Edinger-Westphal nucleus (III), superior salivatory nucleus (VII), inferior salivatory nucleus (IX), Dorsal motor nucleus of CN X (X)

Question 4

For the neurons classified as Visceral sensory (SVA):

1) Know the function
2) brainstem nuclei (and cranial nerves)

Answer 4

For the neurons classified as Visceral sensory (SVA):

1) Taste
2) Nucleus solitarius; rostral portion, gustatory nucleus (VII, IX, X)

Question 5

For the neurons classified as Visceral sensory (GVA):

1) Know the function
2) brainstem nuclei (and cranial nerves)

Answer 5

For the neurons classified as Visceral sensory (GVA):

1) Inputs for control of cardio-respiratory and digestive function
2) Nucleus solitarius; caudal portion, cardiorespiratory nucleus (IX, X)

Question 6

For the neurons classified as General somatic sensory (GSA):

1) Know the function
2) brainstem nuclei (and cranial nerves)

Answer 6

For the neurons classified as General somatic sensory (GSA):

1) Touch, pain, temperature, position, and vibration sense for the face, sinuses, and meninges
2) Trigeminal nuclei (V, VII, IX, X)

Question 7

For the neurons classified as Special somatic sensory (SSA):

1) Know the function
2) brainstem nuclei (and cranial nerves)

Answer 7

For the neurons classified as Special somatic sensory (SSA):

1) Olfaction*, vision*, hearing, vestibular sensation
2) Cochlear nuclei (VIII), vestibular nuclei (VIII)

*olfaction (I) and vision (II) do not have sensory nuclei in the brainstem

Question 8

CN I:

1) CN name?
2) functional category; and functions?

Answer 8

CN I:

1) Olfactory nerve
2) Special somatic sensory (SSA); Olfaction

Question 9

CN II:

1) CN name?
2) functional category; and functions?

Answer 9

CN II:

1) Optic nerve
2) Special somatic sensory (SSA); Vision

Question 10

CN III:

1) CN name?
2) functional category; and functions?

Answer 10

CN III:

1) Oculomotor nerve
2) Somatic motor (GSE); Levator palpebrae superior and all extraocular muscles (except for superior oblique and lateral rectus)

& Parasympathetic (GVE); Parasympathetics to pupil constrictor and ciliary muscles for near vision

Question 11

CN IV:

1) CN name?
2) functional category; and functions?

Answer 11

CN IV:

1) Trochlear nerve
2) Somatic motor (GSE); Superior oblique muscle, causes depression and intorsion of the eye

Question 12

CN V:

1) CN name?
2) functional category; and functions?

Answer 12

CN V:

1) Trigeminal nerve
2) General somatic sensory (GSA); Sensations of touch, pain, temperature, joint position, and vibration for the face, mouth, anterior 2/3 of tongue, nasal sinuses, and meninges.

& Branchial motor (SVE); Muscles of mastication and tensor tympani muscle

Question 13

CN VI:

1) CN name?
2) functional category; and functions?

Answer 13

CN VI:

1) Abducens nerve
2) Somatic motor (GSE); Lateral rectus muscle, causes aBduction of the eye

Question 14

CN VII:

1) CN name?
2) functional category; and functions?

Answer 14

CN VII:

1) Facial nerve
2) Branchial motor (SVE); Muscles of facial expression, stapedius muscle, and part of digastric muscle

& Parasympathetic (GVE); Parasympathetics to lacrimal glands, and to sublingual, submadibular, and all other salivary glands (except parotid)

& Special visceral sensory (SVA); Tastefromanterior 2/3oftongue

& General somatic sensory (GSA); Sensation from a small region near the external auditory meatus

Question 15

CN VIII:

1) CN name?
2) functional category; and functions?

Answer 15

CN VIII:

1) Vestibulocochlear nerve
2) Special somatic sensory (SSA); Hearing and vestibular sensation

Question 16

CN IX:

1) CN name?
2) functional category; and functions?

Answer 16

CN IX:

1) Glossopharyngeal nerve
2) Branchial motor (SVE); Stylopharyngeus muscle

& Parasympathetic (GVE); Parasympathetics to parotid gland

& General somatic sensory (GSA); Sensation from middle ear, region near the external auditory meatues, pharynx, and posterior 1/3 of tongue

& Special visceral sensory (SVA); Taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue

& General visceral sensory (GVA); Chemo- and baroreceptors of the carotid body

Question 17

CN X:

1) CN name?
2) functional category; and functions?

Answer 17

CN X:

1) Vagus nerve
2) Branchial motor (SVE); Pharyngeal muscles (swallowing) and laryngeal muscles (voice box)

& Parasympathetic (GVE); Parasympathetics to heart, lungs, and digestive tract down to the splenic flexure

& General somatic sensory (GSA); Sensation from pharynx, meninges, and a small region near the external auditory meatus

& Special visceral sensory (SVA); Taste from epiglottis and pharynx

& General visceral sensory (GVA); Chemo- and baroreceptors of the aortic arch

Question 18

CN XI:

1) CN name?
2) functional category; and functions?

Answer 18

CN XI:

1) Spinal accessory nerve
2) Branchial motor (SVE); Sternomastoid and upper part of trapezius muscle

Question 19

CN XII:

1) CN name?
2) functional category; and functions?

Answer 19

CN XII:

1) Hypoglossal nerve
2) Somatic motor (GSE); Intrinsic muscles of the tongue