Exam 1: Chapters 1-6 Flashcards
eponym
term derived from the name of a person
acronym
terms formed from the first letters of the words in a phrase
hyper-
excessive
glyc/o
sugar or glucose
-emia
blood condition
erythr/o
red
-cyte
cell
electr/o
electricity
cardi/o
heart
-gram
record
epi-
above
gastr/o
stomach
-ic
pertaining to
hemat/o
blood
aden/o
gland
arthr/o
joint
bi/o
life
carcin/o
cancerous/cancer
cephal/o
head
cerebr/o
cerebrum (largest part of brain)
cis/o
to cut
crin/o
to secrete
cyst/o
urinary bladder; a sac or a cyst
cyt/o
cell
derm/o
skin
encephalo/o
brain
enter/o
intestines (usually small intestine)
gnos/o
knowledge
gynec/o
woman, female
hem/o
blood
hepat/o
liver
iatr/o
treatment, physician
leuk/o
white
log/o
study of
nephr/o
kidney
neur/o
nerve
onc/o
tumor (cancerous)
ophthalm/o
eye
oste/o
bone
path/o
disease
ped/o
child
psych/o
mind
radi/o
x-rays
ren/o
kidney
rhin/o
nose
sarc/o
flesh
sect/o
to cut
thromb/o
clot, clotting
ur/o
urinary tract, urine
-ac, -al, -ic, -ical
pertaining to
-algia
pain
-ectomy
excision, removal
-genic
pertaining to, producing, produced by, or produced in
-globin
protein
-ion
process
-ist
specialist
-itis
inflammation
-logy
process of study
-oma
tumor, mass, swelling
-opsy
process of viewing
-osis
condition, usually abnormal
-pathy
disease, condition
-scope
instrument to visually examine
-scopy
process of visually examining
-sis
state of; condition
-tomy
process of cutting; incision
-y
process, condition
a-, an-
no, not, without
aut-, auto-
self, own
dia-
complete, through
endo-
within
ex-, exo-
out, outside of, outward
hypo-
deficient, below, under, less than normal
in-
into, in
peri-
surrounding, around
pro-
before, forward
re-
back, backward, again
retro-
behind
sub-
below, under
trans-
across, through
arthritis
inflammation of a joint
intravenous
pertaining to within a vein
osteitis
inflammation of the bone
osteoarthritis
inflammation of the bone and joint
subhepatic
pertaining to under the liver
osteopathy
disease of the bone
arthropathy
disease of the joint
hepatitis
inflammation of the liver
cell
fundamental unit of all living things
eukaryote
organism consisting of cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a nucleus
chromosome
rod-like structures within the nucleus
cytoplasm
gelatinous liquid that fills the inside of a cell
ribosomes
small round organelles whose function it is to make the proteins
karyotype
visual of chromosomes- organized profile of a person’s chromosomes
histologist
scientist who specializes in the study of tissue
viscera
internal organs in the main cavities of the body
thoracic cavity
contains pleural cavity, mediastinum, and heart (lungs and heart)
adip/o
fat
sacr/o
sacrum
trachea
windpipe
lateral
pertaining to the side
supine
lying on the back
laryngectomy
removal of the voice box
laryngitits
inflammation of the voice box
types of tissues
epithelial, connective, muscle, nerve
cranial cavity
brain
abdominal cavity
stomach, small and large intestines, spleen, pancreas, liver
pelvic cavity
portions of the small and large intestines, bladder, rectum
spinal cavity
nerves of the spinal cord
right hypochondriac region
right upper region below the cartilage of the ribs that extend over the abdomen
left hypochondriac region
left upper region below the rib cartilage
epigastric region
region above the stomach
lumbar regions
right or left middle regions near the waist
umbilical region
region of the navel or umbilicus
inguinal regions (iliac regions)
left or right lower regions near the groin
hypogastric region
middle lower region below the umbilical region
right upper quadrant (RUQ)
contains liver (right lobe), gallbladder, part of the pancreas, parts of the small and large intestines
left upper quadrant (LUQ)
contains liver (left lobe), stomach, spleen, part of pancreas, parts of the small and large intestines
right lower quadrant (RLQ)
contains parts of the small and large intestines, right ovary, right fallopian tube, appendix, right ureter
left lower quadrant (LLQ)
contains parts of the small and large intestines, left ovary, left fallopian tube, left ureter
cervical division of the back (C)
neck region; seven cervical vertebrae (C1-C7)
thoracic division of the back (T)
chest region; 12 thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12); each bone is joined to a rib