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Physiology & Neurobiology 2275 > EXAM 1 - Blood & Heart > Flashcards

EXAM 1 - Blood & Heart Flashcards

1
Q

proteins in plasma

A

albumin, globulin, fibrinogen, regulatory ones

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2
Q

albumin

A

maintains osmolarity, transports lipids and hormones, minor role in pH regulation

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3
Q

globulin

A

transports immunoglobulin (antibodies)

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4
Q

fibrinogen

A

generates fibrin

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5
Q

urea

A

byproduct of AA

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6
Q

bilitrubin

A

byproduct of RBC breakdown

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7
Q

lymphocytes

A

T and B cells for adaptive immunity

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8
Q

hematocrit

A

percentage of formed elements / total blood volume
40-54 in men
37 - 47 in women

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9
Q

hemoglobin

A

Oxygen carrying capacity of RBC

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10
Q

differential

A

neutrophils predominate

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11
Q

types of anemia

A

insufficient number of RBC, low functional hemoglobin levels/iron defficiency

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12
Q

erythropoeisis track

A

hemocytoblast –> (multi-CSF) myeloid –> (EPO) proerythroblast –> reticulocyte –> erythrocytes

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13
Q

platelet track

A

hemo –> (Multi) –> myeloid –> progenitor –> (thrombopoeitin/MGDF) megakaryocyte –> platelet

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14
Q

leukopoeisis

A

production in RBM and in spleen, thymus, lymph nodes

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15
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

fewer than 80k platelets

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16
Q

thrombocytosis

A

greater than 1 m platelets

17
Q

vascular phase

A

muscles constrict to decrease blood flow (vasoconstriction, vascular spasm

ADP, TF, PDGF

18
Q

ADP

A

adhesion and aggregation

19
Q

TF

A

forms fibrin

20
Q

PDGF

A

cell proliferation and ECM production (regeneration of damaged tissue)

21
Q

Platelet phase

A

primary hemostasis; adhesion, activation, aggregation, plug formation

  • platelets adhere to site of injury, aggregate, and activate
  • aggregated platelets form platelet plug
  • activated platelets release ADP, vWF, PF3, PGDF, thomboxane A2
22
Q

vWF

A

induces plug formation, attaches to collagen and platelets –> cross links

23
Q

coagulation phase

A

secondary hemostasis; fibrin creates clot in
extrinsic pathway
intrinsic pathway

24
Q

extrinsic pathway

A

initiator pathway; TF pathway

25
Q

intrinsic pathway

A

amplifier pathway; contact activation pathway

26
Q

intrinsic pathway pathway

A

prekallikrien and XII work with HMWK to convert into kallikrien and XIIa –> converges on X

27
Q

extrinsic pathway pathway

A

tissue damage releases TF (III) which converges on X

28
Q

common pathway

A

X converts to Xa which converts prothrombin (II) to thrombin (IIa); IIa converts fibrinogen (I) to fibrin (Ia) which cross links and creates clot

Physiology & Neurobiology 2275 (6 decks)

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