EXAM 1 A&P Flashcards
anatomy
study of internal & external structures and the physical interrelationships between body parts
gross anatomy
features of the organism that can be seen with the naked eye
microscopic anatomy
study of structures that cannot be seen without the aid of magnification
physiology
study of how living organisms perform their vital functions; study of interactions
anatomic position
a person is standing erect with arms alongside the body, palms facing anteriorly. Feet are parallel. Face and eyes are directed at the viewer.
superior
cranial; toward the head; upper structure of the body; above
inferior
caudal; toward the lower part of the body; below
anterior
ventral; toward or at the front of the body
posterior
dorsal; toward or at the back of the body; behind
medial
toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side
lateral
away from the midline of the body; on the outer side
intermediate
between a more medial and a more lateral structure
unilateral
in reference to only one side of the body
bilateral
found on both sides of the body
ipsilateral
on the same side
supine
lying flat on the back (face up)
prone
lying flat on the front (face down)
contralateral
on opposite sides
proximal
closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
distal
farther from the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
abdominal quadrants
divide abdominopelvic cavity into four quadrants;
an imaginary midsagittal line and an imaginary transverse line runs through the umbilicus.
anatomical regions
divide the abdominopelvic cavity into nine regions;
two imaginary sagittal lines run through mid-clavicle, an imaginary transverse line runs just inferior to the ribs and another at the level of the iliac crest.
the 4 abdominal quadrants
Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)
Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)
Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)
Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)
the 9 anatomical regions
Right Hypochondriac Region,
Epigastric Region,
Left Hypochondriac Region,
Right Lumbar Region,
Umbilical Region,
Left Lumbar Region;
Right Inguinal (Iliac) Region;
Hypogastric Region;
Left Inguinal (Iliac) Region