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Plant Biology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

ester linkage

A

connects glycerol and fatty acids

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2
Q

steroids and sterols

A

send signals and non soluble
animals have steroids
plants have sterols

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3
Q

saturated vs. unsaturated

A

saturated- no kinks
unsaturated- double bonds making kinks
fatty acids on triglycerides can be saturated or unsaturated

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4
Q

wax

A
  • fatty acid and long chain alcohol

- nonsoluble

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5
Q

isoprene

A

5 carbon chain with double bonds

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6
Q

beta carotene

A

plant pigment made of terpenes (makes carrots)

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7
Q

nucleotides

A

base + sugar + phosphate
ribose as the sugar for RNA
deoxyribose as the sugar for DNA

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8
Q

DNA

A

nucleotides connected by phosphodiester bonds (sugar phosphate)

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9
Q

genetic info is carried in…

A

the sequence of nucleotides

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10
Q

types of RNA

A

mRNA- messenger
rRNA- ribosomal
tRNA- transfer
NADH- electron carrier

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11
Q

Alkaloids

A

-caffeine, fight insects

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12
Q

terpenes

A
  • digitoxose, heart stimulant (digitalin)
  • beta carotene
  • latex
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13
Q

Phenolics

A
  • tannins, tan leather

- lignin

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14
Q

N-containing

A

amygdalin

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15
Q

crista

A

folds of the inner membrane of the mitochondria

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16
Q

Schlerden and Schwann

A

Cell Theory

17
Q

robert hooke

A

named the cell

18
Q

animal cells

A

centrioles plus what eukaryotic cells have

19
Q

plant cells

A
  • chloroplasts
  • cell wall
  • vacuoles
  • what eukaryotic cells have
20
Q

nucleus

A
  • nuclear envelope
  • double membrane with pores
  • chromatin
  • nucleolus
21
Q

chromatin

A

DNA and protein

-helps create ribosomes

22
Q

nucleolus

A

produces ribosomes

23
Q

mitochondria

A

makes ATP

24
Q

Chloroplasts

A
  • stroma as matrix

- granum- stacked disc where photosynthesis takes place

25
Q

ribosomes

A
  • ribosomal RNA and protein

- does protein synthesis

26
Q

endomembrane system

A

Rough ER - enzymes assist with protein folding

smooth ER- synthesis of phospholipids

27
Q

golgi

A
  • stack of cisterna

- packages proteins into vesicles

28
Q

vesicle

A

transports items from rough ER to golgi

29
Q

crossing a membrane

A
  1. diffusion (passive, no energy, no protein)
  2. gradient (high solute to low solute)
  3. facilitated diffusion (passive, requires protein, channel, or carrier, gradient specific)
  4. osmosis (passive semipermeable membrane only to water)
30
Q

hypotonic solution

A

low solute, causes cell to swell “turgor pressure”

-wont burst bc of cell wall

31
Q

passive transport

A

diffusion and facilitated diffusion

-facilitated has protein

32
Q

secondary active transport

A

-2 proteins
one uses tap to make gradient
two uses gradient to transport glucose

Plant Biology (7 decks)

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