Exam 1 Flashcards
What are the 3 core concepts of stress
Adaptive
Maladaptive
Stressor
this is a biological, psychological, social, or chemical factors that causes physical or emotional tension and may contribute to the development of certain diseases
stressor
this term is used loosely today and still lacks a definitive explanation
stress
May be viewed as an individual’s reaction to any change that requires an adjustment or response, which can be physical, mental, or emotional
Responses directed at stabilizing internal biological processes and psychological preservation of self-identity and self-esteem
stress
this is behavior that maintains the integrity of the individual and viewed as positive and correlated with a healthy response
adaptive response
When behavior disrupts the integrity of the individual
Considered to be negative or unhealthy
maladaptive response
This person defines stress as the following “The state manifested by a specific syndrome that consists of all the nonspecifically induced changes within a biologic system.”
Hans Selye
Hans Selye definition of stress has come to be known as what
fight-or-flight syndrome
during this stage of Selye’s general adaptation syndrome the physiological responses of the fight-or-flight syndrome are initiated
alarm reaction stage
during this stage of Selye’s general adaptation syndrome the individual uses the physiological responses of the first stage as a defense in the attempt to adapt to the stressor; if adaption occurs then the third stage is prevented or delayed
stage of resistance
during this stage of Selye’s general adaptation syndrome the body responds to prolonged exposure to a stressor, adaptive energy is depleted, diseases of adaption can occur such as headaches and mental disorders
stage of exhaustion
True or false: fight-or-flight symptoms occur in response to psychological or emotional stimuli just as they do to physical stimuli
True
A 25-year-old man barely avoids a motor vehicle accident. His heart is pounding, his palms are sweaty, and his respirations are increased. This is an example of which stage of the general adaptation syndrome? A .Alarm reaction stage B. Stage of resistance C. Stage of exhaustion D. Stage of biological stress
A
Is said to occur when an individual’s physical or behavioral response to any change in his or her internal or external environment results in preservation of individual integrity or timely return to equilibrium
adaptation
stress as an environmental event: this concept defines stress as an ___ that triggers and individual’s adaptive physiological and psychological responses
event
Stress as an environmental event the even creates change in the life pattern of the individual, requires significant adjustment in lifestyle and taxes available ____
this change can be either positive or negative
resources
stress and an environmental event: stress is measured by the Miller and Rahe what
Recent Life Changes Questionnaire (RLCQ)
What does a high score on the RLCQ mean
It places the individual at greater susceptibility to physical or psychological illness
The RLCQ can be completed considering life stressors within a 6 month or ___ years period
1
True or false: stress overload predisposes a person to illness
It is unknown whether stress overload merely predisposes a person to illness or actually precipitates it.
Appears to be a link
Why are life questionnaires like RLCQ criticized
Because they don’t consider the individual’s perception of the event
What do life changes questionnaires fail to consider
cultural variations
individual’s coping strategies
available support systems at the time when the life change occurs
This concept emphasizes the relationship between internal variables (within an individual) and external variables (within the environment).
Parallels the modern concept of disease etiology
stress as a transaction between the individual and the environment
A stimulus arising from the internal or external environment and perceived by the individual in a specific manner
precipitating event