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May14 Oral Histology > EX1; Amelogenesis > Flashcards

EX1; Amelogenesis Flashcards

1
Q

True or False

Amelogenesis occurs after dentinogenesis during the crown stage of odontogenesis

A

True

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2
Q

True or False

Dentin must be present for enamel to be formed

A

True

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3
Q

True or False

Ameloblasts must be present for dentinogenesis to occur even though denim must be present for enamel to be formed

A

True

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4
Q

What is the term describing the relationship between the formation of enamel (epithelium) and dentin (mesenchyme)

A

reciprocal induction

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5
Q

*What is unique regarding enamel and its mineralization phases

A

it does not have an unmineralized pre-enamel phase

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6
Q

What is formed via a two step process

A

enamel rods, sheath, and interrod substance

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7
Q

What is the first step in amelogenesis

A

secretion of an immature or partially mineralized enamel

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8
Q

What is the composition of the immature or partially mineralized enamel

A

70% organic and water

30% inorganic

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9
Q

Once the what of immature enamel is deposited does the second step occur

A

width

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10
Q

What is the second step of amelogenesis

A

significant influx of additional mineral coincident with the removal of organic material and water

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11
Q

What is the enamel described as during the second step

A

having secretory and maturative phases

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12
Q

*This specialized cell is the differentiated inner cells of the enamel organ

A

ameloblast

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13
Q

*This is located in the stratum intermedium layer of the enamel organ

A

alkaline phosphatase

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14
Q

*This is located in the dental follicle part of the tooth germ

A

rich blood supply; dentin is blocking the blood supply from the dental papillae

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15
Q

Cells in which area of the enamel organ are the first to differentiate into the ameloblasts

A

coronal most area; it then spreads cervically

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16
Q

What are the three main stages of amelogenesis

A

presecretory phase
secretory phase
postsecretory phase

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17
Q

What are the two phases of the presecretory phase

A

morphogenetic phase

histodifferentiation phase

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18
Q

What are the six phases of the secretory phase

A 
inner immediately mineralized secretion
interrod substance secretion
rod secretion
maturation phase
outer immediately mineralized secretion
final ameloblast secretion phase
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19
Q

What is the phase of the postsecretory phase

A

protective phase; reduced enamel epithelium

20
Q

What is the composition of the inner immediately mineralized secretion

A

ultra-thin inner rodless enamel layer

21
Q

What is the mineralization content of the interred substance secretion and rod secretion

A

initially immature or partially mineralized

22
Q

What occurs during the maturation phase of amelogenesis

A

removal of organic substances until 1%
removal of water until 3%
influx of mineral salts until 96%

23
Q

What is the composition of the outer immediately mineralized secretion

A

ultra-thin outer rodless enamel layer

24
Q

What is the non-mineralized portion of the final ameloblast secretion phase

A

basal lamina

25
Q

What is located between the inner cells of the enamel organ and the peripheral cells of the dental papilla

A

clear or acellular layer

26
Q

What cells are formed during the histodifferentiation phase

A 
odontoblasts
ameloblasts (columnar epithelial cells)
27
Q

True or False

The inner rodless (structureless) enamel immediately mineralizes upon secretion

A

True

28
Q

During interred substance phase, what happens to the distal end of the ameloblasts

A

it changes from a smooth configuration to Tomes’ process

29
Q

What does Tomes’ process secrete

A

the interrod substance that encircles the Tomes’ process

30
Q

What is the mineralization state of interrod substance

A

partially mineralized;
70% organic and water
30% inorganic

31
Q

Tomes’ pits are made of/surrounded by what

A

interrod substance

32
Q

Tomes’ process move out the pit as what occurs

A

as the ameloblast moves toward the future enamel surface

33
Q

As the Tome’s process withdraws itself from the pit, what is secreted into the pit

A

partially mineralized enamel rod

34
Q

The presence of Tomes’ processes and partially mineralized enamel indicate that the ameloblasts are in which phase

A

rod secretory

35
Q

When the distal edge of the ameloblast is even (smooth) what does that mean

A

the ameloblast is resorbing or removing organic material and water

36
Q

When the distal edge of the ameloblast is ruffled (rough) why does that mean

A

the ameloblast is secreting mineral salts (inorganic)

37
Q

Maturation is complete when what occurs

A

the inorganic, organic, and water composition reaches the proper composition

38
Q

When the distal ends of the ameloblast alternates from smooth to rough what does that mean for the Tomes’ process

A

they are no longer present

39
Q

True or False

The outer rodless enamel is secreted by Tomes’ processes

A

False; it is not secreted by them (that’s why it does not contain enamel rods)

40
Q

*Which is the last mineralized secretion of ameloblasts

A

outer rodless enamel; it is not the final secretion

41
Q

*What is the final ameloblast secretion phase

A

basal lamina

42
Q

What composes the reduced enamel epithelium

A

remnant of enamel organ (4 layers) giving protection of enamel until tooth enters oral cavity

43
Q

What does the reduced enamel epithelium become during emergence of the tooth into the oral cavity

A

junctional epithelium

44
Q

What is used to attach the reduced enamel epithelium to the enamel surface

A

basal lamina

45
Q

When is the initial mineralization for permanent teeth

A

birth to 9 years

46
Q

When is the completed mineralization for permanent teeth

A

5 to 14 years

May14 Oral Histology (25 decks)

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