Evolution Quiz Flashcards
Natural Selection
A mechanism by which individuals that have inherited beneficial adaptations reproduce more offspring
What are the four principles of the theory of Natural Selection?
- Variation
- Overproduction
- Competition
- Survivors Reproduce
What is an adaptation?
any heritable trait that helps an organism, such as a plant or animal, survive and reproduce in its environment
What are the 3 basic types of evidence?
- Fossils
- Anatomy & Physiology - comparing body structures
- Molecular Biology - similarities and difference in DNA, amino acid sequences, & protein structures
What are the four main parts of examining fossils?
- Age
- Distributions
- Transitional forms
- Extinct species
What are the four main parts of examining anatomy & physiology?
- Homologous Structures
- Analogous Structures
- Vestigial Structures
- Embryology
What are the two main parts of Molecular Biology?
- Shared DNA structure
- Shared DNA code
What are the three main parts of Speciation?
- Species
- Gene flow
- Genetic drift
What is RELATIVE AGE?
Figuring out the relative age based on sediment layers. Example. fossils from lower layers are older than ones above
What is ABSOLUTE AGE?
The calculation of the age of rock/sediment
What is DISTRIBUTION?
Where they’re found on earth and in the past; plate tectonics move fossils
What are TRANSITIONAL SPECIES?
A species that changes in form through time
What is EXTINCTION?
Fossils that are different than living species but with some similarities
What are HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES?
Different structures made from similar parts that look different on the outside but has the same basic template
What are ANALOGOUS STRUCTURES?
Similar structures made from different pairs - looks similar on the outside and has the same function
