Cell Membrane - Euks and Proks Flashcards
Which cells out of 3 are true, living cells?
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Which cell out of 3 is a nonliving cell?
Virus
What is Homeostasis?
Maintaining a stable internal condition
Ex. the flow of oxygen to your heart and blood.
The structure of the cell membrane has what?
A lipid bilayer made up of 2 layers of phospholipids
What is the phosphate head?
It is water loving - hydrophilic
What is the phosphate fatty acid tail?
It is water fearing - hydrophobic
Cell membranes have pores so that they can do what?
To be selectively permeable: to allow some molecules in and keeps other molecules out
What is passive transport?
It is a type of cell transport that does NOT use energy and that includes:
a. Simple diffusion
b. Facilitated diffusion
c. Osmosis
What is active transport?
It is a type of cell transport that DOES use energy and that includes:
a. Protein pumps
b. Endocytosis
c. Exocytosis
What is simple diffusion?
Movement of molecules from high to low concentration
What is facilitated diffusion?
Movement of glucose molecules into the cell; diffusion through transport proteins
What is osmosis?
Diffusion of water molecules from high to low concentration; water moves freely through pore proteins
How do molecules move in passive transport?
They move around randomly from high to low
What is a hypotonic solution?
A hypotonic solution is when there is low solute but high water concentration; the cell fills up with water which can burst
What is a hypertonic solution?
A hypertonic solution is when there is high solute but low water concentration; the cell loses water which can shrink
What is a isotonic solution?
A isotonic solution is when there is equal concentration and the cell stays the same
How do molecules move during active transport?
The molecules move from an area of low concentration to high concentration
What are the 3 types of active transport?
Protein Pumps, Endocytosis, and Exocytosis
What are protein pumps
Integral transport proteins that require energy to do work; protein changes shape to move molecules which requires energy
What is Endocytosis?
Taking bulky material into a cell; cell membrane in-folds around object; “cell eating”
What is Exocytosis?
Forces material out of cell in bulk; vesticle membrane surrounding the material fuses with cell membrane; cell changes shape which requires energy
