Evolution of Psychology Flashcards
What fields did psychology originate from?
Philosophy and Physiology
What movements have influenced psychology?
Humanism, behaviorism, structuralism, functionalism
Analyze consciousness into its basic elements
Structuralism
Researcher associated with structuralism
Edward Titchener
Investigate he function or purpose of psychology
Functionalism
Researcher associated with functionalism
William James
the unique qualities of humans, especially their freedom and potential for personal growth
Humanism
psychology should study only observable behavior
Behaviorism
Researcher(s) associated with humanism
Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow
Researcher(s) associated with behaviorism
John B. Watson and BF Skinner
Unconsciousness influenced behavior
Psychoanalysis
Researcher(s) associated with psychoanalysis
Sigmund Freud
Who established the first psychology lab
Wilhelm Wundt
Who established the first psychology lab in the US
G. Stanley Hall
Who established the first psychology journal
Wilhelm Wundt
Diagnosis and treatments of psychological problems and disorders; expanded during World War 2 to test soldiers going to war and coming back from war
Clinical psychology
Examines behavioral processes in terms of their adaptive value for members of a species over the course of many generations
Evolutionary psychology
theory and research to better understand the positive, adaptive, creative, and fulfilling aspects of human existence
positive psychology
provide assistance to people struggling with everyday problems of moderate severity
counseling psychology
psychology in world of business and industry; HR and improving work qualities
industrial/organizational psychology
promote cognitive, emotional, and social development of children in schools
school psychology
diagnosis and treatment of psychological problems and disorders, medicine
psychiatry
ability to solve problems within human behavior such as health issues, workplace issues, or education
Applied psychology
Types of applied psychology
clinical, counseling, industrial/organizational, school
types of research psychology
Developmental psychology
Social psychology
Experimental psychology**
Physiological psychology
Cognitive psychology
Personality psychology
Psychometrics (aka Quantitative psychology)
Educational Psychology**
Health Psychology
Researcher(s) associated with positive psychology
Seligman
Researcher(s) associated with evolutionary psychology
Buss, Cosmides & Toby, Daly & Wilson
focuses on “higher” mental processes like memory, reasoning, information processing, language, problem solving, decision making, and creativity
cognitive psychology
Researhcer(s) associated with cognitive psychology
Chomsky (language); Miller (memory); Simon (problem-solving, and comparison between humans and computers)
biological substrates which underlie the mind & overt behaviors
physiological psychology
Knowledge should be acquired through observation
Empiricism
describes the actions or operations that will be used to measure or control a variable
Operational definition
Knowledge is acquired through reason
Rationalism
Independent variable has not been manipulated by experimenters
Quasi-experiment
