Evolution chap 6

Question 1

Natural selection

Answer 1

(nature selects) species with the favorable trait survives longer and reproduce, passing down their traits

Question 2

adaptation

Answer 2

a trait that gives an organism an advantage to survive

Question 3

variation

Answer 3

the offspring are not all the same, caused by sexual reproduction

Question 4

competition

Answer 4

organisms compete for limited resources to survive

Question 5

survival of the fittest

Answer 5

the organisms with the best traits have the best chance of surviving and then passing down those traits

Question 6

Fossil

Answer 6

any trace or remains of an organism

Question 7

amber and ice

Answer 7

an organism will not decay if its completely protected from decomposers (bacteria)

Question 8

petrification

Answer 8

minerals replace the tissues of the organisms including bones

Question 9

casts molds and imprints

Answer 9

an organism is covered in layer of rock particles which harden while the organism decays

Question 10

Relative dating sedimentary rock

Answer 10

compare fossils found in different layers of sedimentary rock to estimate the age

Question 11

Radioactive dating

Answer 11

scientists compare the amount of radioactive substance with the amount of stable substance

Question 12

Homologous structure

Answer 12

parts of different organisms that are similar in structure, give evidence that these organisms have a common ancestor

Question 13

Analogous structure

Answer 13

structures that are similar in function but not structure

Question 14

Vestigial structure

Answer 14

body part that is reduced in size and does not have a function

Question 15

embryology

Answer 15

study of the development of the embryo

Question 16

primate

Answer 16

forward facing eyes, opposable thumbs, flexible shoulders, rotating forelimbs, binocular vision

Question 17

Mutation

Answer 17

random changes in DNA and RNA

Question 18

Artificial selection

Answer 18

Humans interact/select the best trait to be passed down

Question 19

taxonomy

Answer 19

the naming of organisms based on traits

Question 20

dichotomous key

Answer 20

a system that separates organisms based on traits

Question 21

Anatomy

Answer 21

the study of a structure of a plant or animal

Question 21

Anatomy

Answer 21

the study of a structure of a plant or animal