Evolution and Systematics of Plants Flashcards
CH12
About how many named plants are there?
250k
What does it mean for a scientific name to be binomial?
Contains 2 names, Genus Species
What type of naming was the predecessor of bionomials?
Before, we used common names that could cause confusion or sentence names that were long.
Define systematics.
Scientific study of the biological diversity and its evolutionary history. Includes classification and nomenclature.
Define phylogenetics.
The study of the evolutionary relatedness among groups of organisms.
What are the components of a scientific name?
Genus species
Why is the letter or abbreviation after the two parts not italicized like the rest of bionomial?
It is the initial of the person who named it. (ex. L. for Linnaeus)
Who pioneered the binomial system nacl in the 1700s?
Carl Linnaeus
Why have we used voucher specimens as tools for arranging specimens into their phylogenetic relationships?
- can physically look at specimen, even under a microscope (accuracy)
- 3D is transformed in to 2D, with each sheet only containing specimens from that one plant
What is the taxonomic category of a phylim equivalent to?
Phylum is equivalent to division.
How would you explain that many different phylogenetic trees have been proposed by scientists (both in recent years & over past 2 hundred years)?
Everything is being ordered to one common ancestor, and there may be gaps in organisms giving us hints. As well, with new DNA technology, the way a species looks may be decieving, so we look at its DNA to find phylogeny now.
When was the fist phylogenetic tree proposed (as in, what happened so the idea was made)
After Darwin and his idea of one common ancestor.
-aceae meaning
Latin for family
-ales meaning
latin for orders
-phyta meaning
plant, sppecifically in a division/phylum
