Evolution Flashcards
Classification
Arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on similarities
Taxonomy
Practice and science of classification
Name the order of the Hierarchy-Taxonomy Groups
Life Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
What are the 3 domains and what is their most specific feature?
Archaebacteria- unicellular prokaryotes that live in harsh/extreme conditions
Eubacteria- unicellular prokaryotes that live in normal conditions other than harsh
Eukarya- multicellular organisms that are split into four kingdoms
What are the four kingdoms within The Eukarya Domain?
Protista (protozoan, algae…)
Fungi (mushrooms, yeast…)
Plantae (multicellular plants)
Animalia (multicellular animals)
What does “species” mean?
- They can successfully reproduce and they’re offspring are viable.
- Their offspring are fertile.
What did Jean Baptist Lamarck believe evolution was?
Organisms alter their behavior in response to environmental change.
What were Jean Baptist Lamarck’s 2 theories?
“Theory of Acquired Characteristics” and “Use and Disuse”.
Who proved Jean Baptist Lamarck’s Theories wrong? How did this person find out this information?
Charles Darwin; on his famous Galapagos visit when he noticed 2 of the same species of bird with different beak lengths.
What published work did Darwin produce after he proved his theory correct? What did this work outline?
“The Origin of Species”; His theories of Evolution and Natural Selection which involved 5 main points.
What were the five main points of Natural Selection?
- More offspring are produced than survive.
- Natural variation among offspring.
- Some variations are favorable.
- Individuals with favorable traits will survive longer and pass on their information.
- Traits that provide reproductive advantages change populations and become more popular.
What are the 3 causes of selection? What do they entitle?
Natural selection- changes in traits due to change in the environment.
Artificial selection- changes in traits due to human involvement.
Sexual selection- changes in traits due to higher chance in reproduction.
What are the results of selection? What do they entitle?
Directional- traits move to one end of the extremes.
Disruptive- traits move to both ends of the extremes.
Stabilizing- traits average out within the middle of the 2 extremes.