Central Dogma

Question 1

What is Agarose gel electrophoresis used for?

Answer 1

Agarose gel electrophoresis is used to separate molecules based upon charge, shape, and size. It is particularly useful in separating charged biomolecules such as DNA, RNA, and Proteins. Used in crime scenes where there is expected to be blood of victim mixed with blood of suspect. They then match up blood types once the DNA, RNA, and Proteins are separated.

Question 2

How many hydrogen bonds are between Adenine and Thymine?

Answer 2

2 Hydrogen Bonds

Question 3

Name the Purines

Answer 3

Adenine and Guanine

Question 4

Purines have ____ ring(s)

Answer 4

2

Question 5

Phosphate bonded to a Sugar

Answer 5

Back Bone

Question 6

Describe the order of the Central Dogma

Answer 6

DNA ~ RNA ~ Proteins ~ Expressed as your traits

Question 7

Thymine binds to __________

Answer 7

Adenine

Question 8

What is a Gene?

Answer 8

A segment of DNA which codes for a protein which in turn codes for a trait

Question 9

Pyrimidines have ____ ring(s)

Answer 9

1

Question 10

These three scientists won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine

Answer 10

James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins

Question 11

What 3 parts is a nucleotide made of?

Answer 11

One 5 carbon deoxyribose sugar
One phosphate group
One nitrogen containing base

Question 12

What is at the end of a 5’ single strand of DNA?

Answer 12

A free phosphate group

Question 13

What is the monomer of DNA?

Answer 13

Nucleotide

Question 14

What is the shape of DNA?

Answer 14

Double Helix

Question 15

What are the sides of the DNA ladder made of?

Answer 15

Phosphate and Deoxyribose (sugar)

Question 16

These two scientists discovered the shape of a DNA molecule was a helix using a crystallized x-ray

Answer 16

Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins

Question 17

Cytosine binds to __________

Answer 17

Guanine

Question 18

This scientist created what is known as “the base rule”. Who was it and Describe “the base rule”?

Answer 18

Erwin Chargraff

The base rule states that A will always bond to T as G will always bond to C

Question 19

In a single strand of DNA, the phosphate group binds to the ________ of the next nucleotide

Answer 19

Sugar (Ribose)

Question 20

What is a Genome?

Answer 20

The complete set of genetic materials from your parents

Question 21

Guanine binds to __________

Answer 21

Cytosine

Question 22

Name the Pyrimidines

Answer 22

Thymine and Cytosine

Question 23

Adenine binds to __________

Answer 23

Thymine

Question 24

What are the “rungs” of the DNA ladder made of?

Answer 24

Bases (Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine)

Question 25

What does DNA stand for?

Answer 25

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Question 26

What is at the end of a 3’ single strand of DNA?

Answer 26

A free Sugar

Question 27

Where in the cell are chromosomes located?

Answer 27

Nucleus

Question 28

What is DNA?

Answer 28

A Nucleic Acid

Question 29

These two scientists discovered the actual shape of DNA and were the first to publish an accurate replica

Answer 29

James Watson and Francis Crick

Question 30

RNA used the base __________ instead of the base __________

Answer 30

Uracil; Thymine

Question 31

DNA ~ RNA ~ Proteins ~ Expressed as your traits

Answer 31

Central Dogma

Question 32

How many hydrogen bonds are there between Guanine and Cytosine?

Answer 32

3 Hydrogen Bonds