Evolution Flashcards
Selective Breeding
The human practice of breeding animals or plants that have certain desired characteristics
Evolution
Process in which inherited characteristics within a population change over generations such that new species sometimes arise
Galapagos Islands
Islands west of, east of South America on which there are slightly different species of animals depending on the island in which it lives
Charles Darwin
Made observations at the Galapagos Islands that helped him form a theory on how evolution happens
Thomas Malthus
Wrote an essay on the Principle of Population. Noticed that humans have the potential to produce to produce rapidly and the population could increase more quickly then the food supply
Charles Lyell
Wrote, Principle of Geology: showed evidence that Earth had formed by natural processes over a long period of time
Alfred Wallace
Fellow naturalist of Darwin’s who had the same theory of evolution as Darwin, but with less evidence
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic Acid, a molecule present in all living cells that contains information that determines traits
Mutation
A change in the nucleotide base sequence of a gene or DNA
Gene
One set of instructions for an inherited trait
Alleles
One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color
Dominant Trait
A trait observed in the 1st generation when parents that have different traits are bred
Recessive Trait
A trait that reappears in the 2nd generation after disappearing in the 1st generation when parents with different traits are bred
Phenotype
An organisms appearance or other detectable characteristic
Genotype
An entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for 1 or more specific traits
