Evolution Flashcards
What is Evolution
The change of characteristics in a species over time
micro v macro evolution
Micro - changes in genes in population over a short period of time (years)
macro - Large scale change including formation of new species
Natural v artificial breeding
Natural is more random and can cause more change
artificial is only breeding desired traits
What did Buffon think
He thought species were created in amore perfect form
what did Linnaeus and Darwin both think
That life changes overtime
What did Lamarck think
all species evolve to their environment and pass onto to the next generation
What is paleontology
The scientific investigation of prehistoric life through fossils
Curvier and Lyell, what did they think
Curvier - Catastrophism
Lyell - Uniformitarianism
What are the 3 evidence of evolution
Biogeography, anatomy, embryology
Homologous, Analogous, Vestigial
Homologous - Common ancestor structure
Analogous - Same function but built differently
Vestigial - No longer needed
Theory of natural selection
The animals with the advantageous traits become more common every generation
What are the types of selection and how do they work
Directional - to a side
Stabilizing - in the middle
Disruptive - middle is bad
Genetic drift, bottleneck, founder effect
genetic drift - the random shifting of genetics to the next generation
Bottleneck - results in loss in genetic diversity because of extreme population reduction
Founder effect - when a small number of people make a new population
What is speciation
The formation of a new species
What are the 2 reproductive isolations
Pre and post zygotic
