Genetics Flashcards
IPMATC and describe what happens
Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
What is mitosis for
Growth and repair
What is Heredity
Passing traits from parents to offspring
what is a gene
A segment of DNA that carries information
what is meiosis stages and describe
PMAT x2
when is cell diploid or haploid during meiosis
diploid ->haploid ->haploid
How is a tetrad formed
synapsis
How and when does crossing over happen
During prophase 1, chromatids break at the end and swap places
How and when does independent assortment occur
Metaphase 1 when tetrads line up randomly
Mitosis v Meiosis
Meiosis produces gametes and has a very short interphase and ends with 4 haploid cells
what are 2 main causes of chromosomal abnormalities
Nondisjunction - Don’t separate properly
Breakage - (Deletion, Duplication, Inversion, Translocation)
2 Genetic testing ways
Amniocentesis, Chronic villus sampling
What did Mendel discover
He discovered how traits are inherited through his pea plants
Genotype v Phenotype
genotype - genetic makeup (Aa)
phenotype - physical appearance (Brown hair)
Allele, Homozygous, Heterozygous
Allele - Pair of genes located at the same place of a homologous chromosome
Homozygous - HH or hh
Heterozygous - Hh
Incomplete dominance
When two alleles are equally dominant (red + white = pink)
Co-dominance
When the two alleles are both present (patchy)
What is DNA
Stores and transmits your genetic information
What is DNA made of
Nitrogen base, Pentose sugar, Phosphate group
What are the DNA base pair ups
Adenine and Thymine. Guanine and Cytosine
Who found DNA and the dilemma
Watson and Crick founded it but Rosalind Franklin was stolen from
What does a pedigree show
a chart that traces the inheritance of a certain trait in a family
Name the main pedigree symbols
Square - boy
circle - girl
colored in - affected
