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Evolutionary Biology lec > Evidence of Evolution from Fossil Records > Flashcards

Evidence of Evolution from Fossil Records Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

is a record of the geologic events and the evolution of life forms as shown in the fossil record.

A

Geologic Time Scale

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2
Q

a trace of any organism that lived in the past

A

Fossil

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3
Q

Eon > Era > Period > Epoch

Eons are the broadest, while epochs are the most detailed division in the geologic time scale

A
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4
Q

Oldest animal fossils were found in which eon

A

Neoproterozoic

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5
Q

Approximate origin of eukaryotes emerged in this eon as well as the transition to oxygen atmosphere

A

Paleoproterozoic

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6
Q

Oldest known fossils (bacteria) and rocks were found in which eon

A

Archaean

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7
Q

Ediacaran epoch (proterozoic eon)

one of the most common fossils of the Ediacara biota.

A

Aspidella

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8
Q

Triassic > Jurassic > Cretaceous

A
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9
Q

Baron Georges Cuvier published a list of _____ extinct species

A

23

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10
Q

an ice-age deer

A

Irish Elk

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11
Q

was an early 18th century paleontologist who proposed that “fossil and living organisms in the same geographic region are related to each other and are distinctly different from organisms found in other areas.

ex. Armadillo from Argentina & Fossil glyptodonts exhumed in Argentina

A

William Clift

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12
Q

The Law of Succession was proposed by

A

William Clift

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13
Q

a four-winged dinosaur

A

Microraptor gui

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14
Q

Mineralized remains

A

Fossils

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15
Q

how many years can carbon dating date

A

30,000 years only

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16
Q

most used chemical for dating

A

Potassium 40/Argon 40

17
Q

Geologic Time Scale wherein
- several continental plates came together to form Gondwana (Southern land)

A

Phanerozoic Eon - Paleozoic Era - Cambrian Period

18
Q

Geologic Time Scale wherein
- emergence of filter feeders [feed on planktons]
- plants also emerged

A

Phanerozoic Eon - Paleozoic Era - Ordovician Period

19
Q

Geologic Time Scale
- evolution of swimming marine animals
- sessile filter feeders
- appearance of terrestrial arthropods
- vascular plants

A

Phanerozoic Eon - Paleozoic Era - Silurian Period

20
Q

Geologic Time Scale
- all major fishes (bones and cartilaginous species)
- amphibians
- mosses, horsetails, and tree ferns
- around 3/4 of marine life ended due to 2 meteorites

A

Phanerozoic Eon - Paleozoic Era - Devonian Period

20
Q

Geologic Time Scale
- formation of Pangaea
- dropped temperature of the planet
- age of reptiles
- mammals appeared [minority]
- mass extinction later (volcanic activities happened on a massive scale)

A

Phanerozoic Eon - Paleozoic Era - Permian Period

21
Q

Geologic Time Scale
- Pangaea starts to split to form Eurasia and Gondwana
- occurrence of gymnosperms
- seeded plants
- reptiles are dominant species
- gastropod, bivalves (molluscs)
- mass extinction at the end

A

Phanerozoic Eon - Mesozoic Era - Triassic Period

22
Q

Geologic Time Scale
- radiation of dinosaurs
- evolution of flying reptiles
- bony fishes became dominant aquatic features

A

Phanerozoic Eon - Mesozoic Era - Jurassic Period

23
Q

Geologic Time Scale
- complete separation of different continents
- first flowering plants that produced seeds
- dinosaurs continued to diversify
- large meteorite causes extinction of dinosaurs at end

A

Phanerozoic Eon - Mesozoic Era - Cretaceous Period

24
Q

Epochs under Tertiary Period (Paleogene)

A

Oligocene Epoch
Eocene Epoch
Paleocene Epoch

25
Q

Epochs under Tertiary Period (Neogene)

A

Pliocene Epoch
Miocene Epoch

26
Q

Epochs under Quaternary Period

A

Pleistocene Epoch
Holocene Epoch

27
Q

Epoch ?
- modern humans
- large birds and mammals became extinct

A

Pleistocene

28
Q

what is the term for when an organism switches from one phylum to another

A

Transition form

29
Q

Geologic Time Scale
- fossil fuels
- swamp forest (giant ferns, horsetails)
- appearance of first reptiles
- appearance of first winged insect (butterflies, dragonflies, moths)

A

Phanerozoic Eon - Paleozoic Era - Carboniferous Period

30
Q

Transition form:

Compsognathus - Tyrannosaurus rex
Sinosauropteryx prima
Caudipteryx zoui
Bowhead/ Greenland right whale
Basilosaurus isis
Ambulocetus natans

A

Evolutionary Biology lec (8 decks)

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