Evidence Of Evolution Flashcards
What are the main topics of the evidence Of evolution
- Fossil records
- Biography
- Comparatuve anatomy
- Embryology
- Molecular evidence
What are fossils?
Remains, markings or prints an ogranism leaves behide
What are transition fossils?
The transition of a speices devolpment in fossils
What do transition fossils show?
Similaritys between organisms structures
What is biogeography?
The study of geographical distributions of organisms
What does biogeography intail?
Organisms once lived and evolved in one aera and then spread out to other regions
Oberservatuon 1 (biogeo)
How can you tell if ograisms are related biogeogarphically? An example?
Locations that are geographically close but different evintorment often have species more related than ones that are far apart but have similar environments.
Ex. Cacti are only found in deserts in north, central and south America but not I deserts in Africa or Australia
Oberservation 2
What do animals living on islands suggest? Examples?
Animals found of islands closely resemble animals found on the nearest continent to that island.
It suggest that animals evolve from mainland to there new homes, adapting to their new environment
Ex. Darwin finches were more similar to finches found in south America than in England
Observation 3 fossils
Fossils of the similar species can be found on neighboring continents.
What is comparative anatomy?
The comparison of ograisms structures
What are homologous structures?
Organisms that have similar structures but perform different functions. Shares common ancestor
What is analogous structures?
Organisms that have similar function but different structure. Due to living in the same environment. Do not share common ancestors
Give an example of analogous structures. How is it an example?
Bird and butter fly. Both have the function to fly but bird and butterfly have different structures and do not come from the same ancestor.
What is a vestigial structure? Example?
Structures that serve no useful function in a living organism. Overtime the structure becomes small.
These functions were onc useful to ancestors
Ex. Pelvic bone In whales
What is comparative embryology?
Comparing embryos before drastic change is made in a organism.
How do animal.enbryos suggest common ancestor?
In the early stages of devolvment , all embryos look similar.
What does molecular evidence suggest?
All organisms share the same blyiding blocks for life. Such as DNA, RNA certain proteins and enzymes.
Closely related speices will have similar DNA then distantly related speices
