Evidence Based Management of the Knee Flashcards
the lateral femoral condyle extends more …
posteriorly
the medial femoral condyle extends more…
distally
which meniscus is more O shaped?
the lateral meniscus
which meniscus is more C shaped?
the medial meniscus
does the lateral meniscus cover more of the lateral femoral condyle or does the medial meniscus cover more of the medial femoral condyle?
the lateral meniscus covers more of the lateral femoral condyle more than the medial meniscus covers of the medial femoral condyle
which meniscus has an attachment to the popliteus?
the lateral meniscus
why is the lateral meniscus less injured?
bc it moves posteriorly when you flex the knee to get out of the way
the menisci are ____ M/L and _____ A/P
concave, convex
what is the plica?
a fold in the knee capsule
the cruciate ligaments are _____ and _____
intraarticular, extracapsular???
t/f: the medial condyle curve into the transverse plane allowing some abd/add at the the knee some
true
what may popping/locking at the knee indicate?
meniscus injury
what may instability at the knee indicate?
ligament injury
what may tingling at the knee indicate?
nerve injury
what may bruising at the knee indicate?
ligament injury
contusion/blow to the knee
where would the meniscus bleed?
in the outer red red or red white zones
if there is immediate swelling would this indicate a ligament or meniscus injury?
ligament injury
if there is delayed swelling would this indicate a ligament or meniscus injury?
meniscus injury
what is the Hx of present illness for the meniscus?
pain with flexion, locking, crepitus, and pain with torsion
what is the hx of present illness with OA?
pain in the am, better after, then worse again by night after weight bearing all day
stiffness in am and after immobility
what is the hx of present illness with PFPS?
anterior knee pain
pain w/sitting (movie-goers sign), stairs, kneeling, and often crepitus
what is the hx of present illness for an ACL injury?
pain/injury w/torsion, feeling of instability, edema upon injury, often pop at the time of injury
what is a common proximal influence for knee pain?
glut med weakness
what is a common distal influence for knee pain?
pes planus
if there is a valgus force at the knee, what injury may result?
ACL, MCL
if there is a varus force at the knee, what injury may result?
PCL, LCL
what is genu varum?
lateral angulation of the knees (bow legged)
what is genu valgus?
medial angulation of the knees (knock knees)
what is genu recurvatum?
hyperextension of the knees
what conditions may result in genu recurvatum?
coxa valga (long leg) ispilaterally, coxa vara (short leg) contralaterally, tight gastroc, LACK OF DF (equina varus)
what is patella alta?
high located patella
what is patella baja?
low located patella
what may result in patella baja?
tight patellar tendon
what can we do for a tight patellar tendon?
superior patellar mobs
what is tibial torsion?
twist in the tibial bone
what is a Q angle?
the angle bw femur and the tibia
is the Q angle usually larger in males or females?
females
how do we measure the Q angle?
usually with observation
if measured, measure the angle from the ASIS to the mid patella
t/f: an increase in Q angle can influence patellar problems
true
what is normal patellar tracking?
6mm lateral
3mm medial
what patellar tracking results from increased Q angle, genu valgus, weak VMO, weak hip abductors?
lateral tracking
what patellar abnormality can cause wear on the undersurface of the patella and doesn’t allow good fluid exchange in the articular cartilage?
lateral tilt
t/f: the length of the patella should be the length of the base to the tib tub
true
what is the role of the patella?
to increase the efficiency of the quad by increasing the length for optimal contraction
what can we strengthen and stretch for patellar tracking?
strengthen the quads and hip
stretch the HS
how do we measure leg length with a tape measure?
from the ASIS to the medial malleolus
what is involved in the lower quarter screen?
screening the adjacent joints and neurologic screen of myotomes, dermatomes, and DTRs
what is normal open chain knee flexion?
132-141 degrees
what is normal open chain knee extension?
0-10 degrees
what is normal open chain tibial IR?
20-30 degrees
what is normal open chain tibial ER?
30-40 degrees
what is normal open chain knee abduction?
10-20 degrees
what is normal open chain knee adduction?
10-20 degrees
in the OKC is the femur moving on the tibia or is the tibia moving on the femur?
the tibia is moving on the femur
is the femur or the tibia the concave surface?
the tibia is the concave surface
is the femur or the tibia the convex surface?
the femur is the convex surface
in OKC knee extension, what is the roll and glide?
the tibia rolls anterior and glides anterior
med tib con glides ant
lat tib con glides post
in CKC knee extension, what is the roll and glide?
the femur rolls anterior and glides posterior
med fem con glides post
lat fem con glides ant