Everythin extra Flashcards
When was Kemet founded, and by whom?
Kemet was founded through the unification of upper and loweEgypy in 3100 by Narmer/Aha/Menes
What are the three kingdoms of Kemet and their chronologies?
Old Kingdom- 3100 to 2200
middle Kingdom- 2040 to 1670
New Kingdom-1570 to 1100
WHEN DID MEROE RISE, AND WHAT WAS THE PRIMARY BASIS FOR ITS ASCENSION AND EVENTUAL DECLINE?
Meroe arose in 800 B.C. its power was based on an advantageous trade position (proximity to the red sea) and the presence of natural resources for the smelting of iron as well as location within zone of tropical rainfall. As resources were exhausted and the power of Meroe’s mediterranean trading partner Rome declined so di the power of Meroe. loss of red sea tradde to better placed neighbor Aksum.
HOW WAS MEROTIC CULTURE DISTINCT/DIFFERENT FROM THAT OF THEIR “COUSINS” THE EGYPTIANS?
Personal pan pyramids with conical tops
A less centralized system of government in which clan and village groups had greater autonomy.
A new written language
New gods with the lion god Apendemak at the head.
WHEN DID KUSH ARISE, AND WHAT MAKES IT STAND OUT IN WORLD AND “WESTERN” HISTORY?
Kush arose in 1100 b.c along the fourth cataract of the Nile river at Napata. In 730 Kush invaded Kemet and launched a dynasty that would rule for 60 years. In Western history, this had traditionally been regarded as Egypt’s “black dynasty”
KNOW THE VARIOUS NON-AFRICAN INVADERS INTO THE NILE VALLEY, AND THE “BASIC” TIMELINE FOR THEIR RESPECTIVE INVASIONS.
Hyksos-1670 to 1500 Hittites 1200 Assyrians- 670 Persians-525 Ptolemaic-333-330 Romans-30 Arabs-541 Turks-1500s French-1799 British-1801
KNOW THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE WORK PHYSIOGNOMY IN IDENTIFYING THE ANCIENT EGYPTIAN PHENOTYPE (PHYSICAL IMAGE).
In “physiognomy” in 400 bc Aristotle stated that those whose skin was of “too black a hue” were prone to cowardice. he gave the Egyptians and Ethiopians as examples?
KNOW THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RAMSES II MURAL (1200 B.C.E.), WITH ITS FOUR REPRESENTATIONS OF THE WORLD’S PEOPLES.
Identified the four racial types as seen by the ancient Egyptian people. Semitic, Indo-European, Black Egyptians, “other blacks”
KNOW SOME OF THE REASONS AND METHODS USED BY MANY WESTERN ACADEMICS (IE- EGYPTOLOGISTS) TO TRY AND “De-Africanize” KEMET
Characterize Kemet only as “Egypt” emphasize links to classical Mediterranean culture and “European” heritage.
Classify as “Middle-East”
Disregard Ancient model evidence which suggests Kemet’s blackness and links to south east african culture e.g. punt (somalia) and Kush
Promeote spurious divisions i.e. “Hamitic”
uphold pigmentocracy by trying to portray the supremace of fair-skineed peoples at all times in history.
WHAT GREAT AFRICAN GENERAL IS KNOWN FOR BEING ROME’S GREATEST NEMESIS? WHY WAS HE ROME’S ENEMY?
Hannibal, he resisted the expansion of Rome and fought them for control of the Mediterranean.
WHAT ARE THE 3 NAMES OF THE 25TH DYNASTY RULERS OF KEMET/”EGYPT”?
.Piyanki/piye
.Shabaka
.Shebitku
.Taharka
WHAT ESSENTIALLY GAVE RISE TO THE WESTERN SUDANIC EMPIRES, WHAT MADE THEM INTERNATIONALLY RECOGNIZED/FAMOUS?
The trans-Saharan gold trade between the Berber tribesmen and Subsaharan Africa.
These kingodms became famous for the wealth they gained from taxing and controlling the trade.
WHAT KINGDOMS CONSTITUTE THE “WESTERN SUDANIC EMPIRES” AND WHO WERE THEIR PRIMARY LEADERS?
Ghana (fifth to thirteenth century)-unknown
Mali (1220-1469-ca 1200 reached peak in fourteenth century)- Sunjata-Mansa Musa
Songhay- Sunni Ali Ber
Muhammed Ture
WHAT KINGDOMS CONSTITUTE THE “WESTERN SUDANIC EMPIRES” AND WHO WERE THEIR PRIMARY LEADERS?
- Ghana 8-10th century B.C.
- Mali-sunjata - Mansa Musa-expanded ca 1200 reeached peak in the fourteenth century
- Songhai- Sunni Ali Ber (1464-92) , muhammed ture (1493-1528)
Mansa Musa
MAlian ruler who was renowned for his wealth, learning and generosity
