EVE PRELIMS (M1 - M3) Flashcards
What are the 3 stages in the Development of Professional Identity?
– Independent Operator
– Team Oriented Idealist
– Self Defining or Integrated Professional
One of the 3 stages in the Development of Professional Identity:
Describes rather than identifying professionalism with fixed rules and behaviors, professionalism is seen as conforming to the expectations of OTHER PROFESSIONALS, especially of the exemplary type
– Team Oriented Idealist
One of the 3 stages in the Development of Professional Identity:
Professionalism is meeting fixed and clearly defined guidelines and expectations that are EXTERNAL to ONE’S character
Independent Operator
One of the 3 stages in the Development of Professional Identity:
Rather than identifying professionalism with external expectations of one’s peers, one has integrated his personal values with those of his profession. Professional values are a PART OF WHO ONE IS. This stage is often not fully achieved until mid-life
Self Defining or Integrated Professional
What is a Profession?
First, there is the _____, which holds that there are characteristics especially associated with
professionalism.
Second, ______, where professionals have an
implicit agreement with the public
A third account of professionalism is offered by philosopher _____, who defines a profession in the following way:
A profession is a number of individuals in the same
occupation voluntarily organized to EARN A LIVING by openly SERVING A MORAL IDEAL in a morally permissible way beyond what law, market, morality, and public opinion would otherwise require
- Sociological Account
- Social Contract Account
- Michael Davis
5 Main Characteristics of a Profession according to Sociological Account
- Extensive PERIOD of TRAINING of an intellectual character, usually obtained at a college or university.
- POSSESSING KNOWLEDGE and skills VITAL to the well-being of the larger SOCIETY.
- A monopoly or near-monopoly on the pro-vision of professional services, and considerable control over professional education and the standards for admission into the profession.
- An unusual DEGREE of AUTONOMY in the workplace.
- A claim to be REGULATED by ETHICAL STANDARDS, usually embodied in a code of ethics, that promotes the good of the public.
TRUE OR FALSE
The public must agree to allow professionals to enjoy abov average wages, to have social recognition and prestige, and to have a considerable degree of freedom to regulate themselves.
True
Read only:
Arguments on “Should Engineers Have to Be Registered to Practice Engineering?”
NO.
— Registration might increase the cost of engineering services, because the costs of registration would be passed on to clients and customers.
— Registration might make certain types of cooperation between engineers & nonengineers on the same project difficult, because registration would prohibit nonengineers from doing engineering work.
— Engineers already must be licensed in order to “sign off” on work that directly affects the public.
YES.
— Some countries already require registration to practice, and the types of problems described above have not appeared to be serious.
— The distinction between work that does and does not affect the public is not clear, since most engineering work affects the public in some way.
— Registration might increase the professional autonomy of engineers in the work-place, because engineers could more easily resist management requirements to violate professional standards. An engineer could say, “Complying with your requests might lead to the revocation of my license, and other engineers would face the same problem if they complied with your request.”
For short:
No
– Costly
— Prohibit nonengineers from doing engineering work.
— they already have to be licensed to approve work that impacts the public’s safety.
Yes
— problems described above have not appeared to be serious
— Most engineering work affects the public in some way.
— might increase the professional autonomy of engineers in the work-place
t or f
Engineering must prioritize the interests of employers and clients good over the public.
False
Public good > Client and Employers
SPECIFIC PHRASE
Engineers should hold paramount the “____, _____, AND ____“of the public, as the NSPE code states.
SAFETY, HEALTH, WEALTH
AKA the Chemical Engineering Law
Sec 14, Art 2 of RA No. 318
Aka the Mech ENg Law
Sec 9 of Commonwealth Act no. 294
Republic Act No. ____
AN ACT ESTABLISHING A CODE OF CONDUCT AND ETHICAL STANDARDS FOR PUBLIC OFFICIALS AND EMPLOYEES, TO UPHOLD THE TIME-HONORED PRINCIPLE OF PUBLIC OFFICE BEING A PUBLIC TRUST, GRANTING INCENTIVES AND REWARDS FOR EXEMPLARY SERVICE, ENUMERATING PROHIBITED ACTS AND TRANSACTIONS AND PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS THEREOF AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
6713
_____ is the experience of health, happiness, and prosperity. It includes having good mental health, high life satisfaction, a sense of meaning or purpose, and ability to manage
Well-being
T or F
well-being appears to be
in decline, at least in the U.S. And increasing your well-being can be tough without knowing what to do and how to do it.
T
What are 5 types of Well Being?
______ - The ability to practice stress management and relaxation techniques, be resilient, boost self-love, and
generate the emotions that lead to good feelings.
_____ - The ability to improve the functioning of your body
through healthy living and good exercise habits.
_____ - The ability to communicate, develop meaningful relationships with others, and maintain a support network that helps you overcome loliness.
_____ - The ability to pursue your interests, values, and life
purpose in order to gain meaning, happiness, and enrichment professionally.
_____ - The ability to actively participate in a thriving community, culture, & environment.
(Let Well being = WB)
Emotional WB
Physical WB
Social WB
Workplace WB
Societal WB
Read Only:
Examples of Prohibited Actions from the NSPE Code
Do not reveal privileged information (II,1,c)
Do not associate with dishonest profes-sionals (II,1,d)
Do not aid the unlawful practice of engi-neering (II,1,e)
Do not accept compensation from two par-ties on the same project (11,4,b)
Do not participate in governmental deci-sions related to your own work (11,4,d)
Do not solicit work from a governmental body on which a member of your firm has a position (II,4,e)
Do not falsify your qualifications (11,5,a)
Do not give bribes (II,5,b)
Do not be influenced by conflicting interests (111,5)
Do not unjustly injure the reputation of another engineer (III,7)
Engineers are obligated not only to abide by code prohibitions, thereby refraining from causing harm. Prevention of harm usually involves: (Give 2)
(1) identifying and disclosing potential harms and
(2) attempting to prevent them.
The Board cited section ____ of the NSPE code operative, which reads:
Engineers shall at all times recognize that their primary obligation is to protect the safety, health, property and welfare of the public. If their professional judgment is overruled, under circumstances where the safety, health, property, or welfare of the public are endangered, they shall notify their employer or client and such other authority as may beappropriate [emphasis added].
section II.1.a.
The NSPE s Board of Ethical Review appeared to recognize the category of preventive action in its decision on case ______
case 82-5
The Board cited section ____ of the NSPE code operative, which reads:
Engineers shall not complete, sign, or seal plans and/or specifications that are not of a design safe to the public health & welfare and in
conformity with accepted engineering standards.
If the client or employer insists on such unprofessional conduct, they shall notify the
proper authorities & withdraw from further service on the project [emphasis added].
section III.2.b
Although engineering codes of ethics place great emphasis on the importance of refraining from certain kinds of behavior (prohibited actions) and engaging in
behavior that prevents harms, such provisions do not adequately capture the more
positive aspects of engineering. We call this more positive component of engineering ethics _______
It can take many forms, ranging from actions that are obligatory since engineering codes require engineers to promote human well-being
to those that go beyond the obligatory.
aspirational ethics
In an unpublished speech in 2000 by ____ , he described the criterion for selecting the
achievements as not technological gee-whiz, but how much an achievement
improved people s quality of life. He went on to say that the achievements selected are a testament to the power and promise of engineering to improve the quality of human life worldwide.
Dr. William A. Wulf
NOTE:
Engineering Achievements of the Twentieth Century
Electrification
The automobile
The arplane
Water supply and distribution system
Electronics
Radio and television
Agricultural mechanization
Computers
Telephone
Air-conditioning & Ref
* Highways
* Spacecraft
Internet
Imaging
Household appliances
Petroleum and petroleum technologies
Laser and fiber optics
Nuclear Tech
High-performance materials
Make solar energy economical
Provide energy from fusion
Develop carbon sequestration methods
Manage the nitrogen cycle
Provide access to clean water
Restore and improve urban infrastructure
Advance health informatics
Engineer better medicines
Reverse-engineer the brain
Prevent nuclear terror
Secure cyberspace
Enhance virtual reality
Advance personalized learning
Engineer the tools of scientific discovery
The primary way in which engineers improve well-being is through ___.
design
