Europe Part 2

Question 1

When was the Warsaw Pact?

Answer 1

May 1955

Question 2

When did Eisenhower talk about the Domino theory?

Answer 2

1954

Question 3

What is SEATO and when was it formed?

Answer 3

South East Asia Treaty Organisation in 1954.

Question 4

When was the Baghdad pact formed and where is it based?

Answer 4

1955 in the Middle East

Question 5

When did Stalin die?

Answer 5

1953

Question 6

What did Khruschev talk about in February 1956?

Answer 6

He denounced Stalin and urged a ‘peaceful co-existence’ with the west.

Question 7

When did the Poles rebel against USSR?

Answer 7

June 1956

Question 8

How many poles were killed in riots in 1956?

Answer 8

53

Question 9

Who did Khrushchev accept as the leader of Poland?

Answer 9

Gomulka

Question 10

Who did the USSR force out as leader of Hungary in June 1956?

Answer 10

Rakosi, a Stalinist

Question 11

When did the students, workers and the army take to the streets in the Hungarian Uprising?

Answer 11

October 23rd.

Question 12

What were the three leaders of Hungary?

Answer 12

Rakosi
Imre Nagy
Janos Kadar

Question 13

When did Soviet tanks withdraw from Hungary?

Answer 13

October 28th.

Question 14

What reforms did Imre Nagy announce on November 4th?

Answer 14

He announced free elections and further reforms. He also announced the decision to leave the Warsaw Pact.

Question 15

What happened on November 4th?

Answer 15

Soviet troops moved in. 3,000-4,000 were killed and Nagy arrested and executed. Another 150,000 fled abroad.

Question 16

How many East German citizens moved from East Berlin to West Berlin from 1949-58?

Answer 16

2 million.

Question 17

What was Khruschevs ultimatum 1958?

Answer 17

The west had 6 months to agree a peace treaty with East Germany then leave Berlin which would become a free city.

Question 18

When did Khruschev re-issue the ultimatum?

Answer 18

1961 due to criticism from China

Question 19

When was the fence erected on east/West Berlin?

Answer 19

13 August 1961

Question 20

When was the fence replaced by a concrete wall?

Answer 20

4 days later.

Question 21

When did Czechslovakia demand reforms?

Answer 21

January 1968

Question 22

Who was the leader of Czechslovakia?

Answer 22

Alexander Dubcek

Question 23

What reforms did Dubcek make?

Answer 23

Equal rights, democratic elections, trade with non communist countries and no censorship of media are examples.

Question 24

What cautions did Dubcek make?

Answer 24

He insisted to stay in the Warsaw Pact, Eastern bloc and Comecon.

Question 25

Who invaded Czechoslovakia?

Answer 25

USSR, Hungary, Bulgaria, E. Germany and Poland

Question 26

When was the Czechoslovakian invasion?

Answer 26

20/21 August

Question 27

How many troops invaded Czechoslovakia?

Answer 27

400,000 troops disguised as manoeuvres.

Question 28

What was the Brezhnev doctrine?

Answer 28

The Truman doctrine in reverse. Any communist country which attempted to make capitalist reforms, then other communist countries would act together to prevent this from happening.

Question 29

What was the Czech reaction to Soviet invasion?

Answer 29

Passive resistance.
Civil disobedience.
Non co-operation

Question 30

What were the results of the invasion?

Answer 30

Dubcek summoned to Moscow, reinstated but soon demoted to junior position in the forestry department and continued to work there for 20 years
Czechs felt bitter towards the USSR. Protests continued in 1969
Reforms reversed
China criticised USSR
Setback to the new mood of détente